The State of Early Warning Systems

Grasso, Veronica F.

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-8598-3_6

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This analysis was based on scientific and grey literature in Spanish and in English (Basher 2006;Kelman 2006;UNISDR 2006aUNISDR , 2006bThomalla and Larsen 2010;Zia and Wagner 2015;Dávila 2016;Macherera and Chimbari 2016a;WMO 2018). First, an overview of the challenges of people-centered early warning systems (EWSs) and multi-hazards is provided, complementing previous discussions (Garcia and Fearnley 2012;Villagrán de León et al 2013;Grasso 2014;Kelman and Glantz 2014;Baudoin et al 2016). Finally, pathways for the Sendai Framework are discussed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Lack of funding was reported as one of the most frequent impediments to EWSs, but other impediments are the inadequate coordination between local, national, and regional levels, and the lack of human resources and of EWS infrastructure (Grasso 2014). In Ecuador, the lack of human resources in DRM, the lack of consensus in warning terminology, the poor DRM coordination between government levels, as well as political influence were some of the challenges of the tsunami warning system (Norambuena 2011).…”

Section: The Daily Implementation Of Warning Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the losses and damages suffered during droughts, few drought EWSs exist worldwide according to the review conducted by Grasso (2014). Although this review included Colombia in the list of countries without a drought EWS, Domínguez-Calle and Lozano-Báez (2014) reported a participatory agro-climatic warning system in the Cauca watershed where traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples and campesinos (small farmers) is combined with scientific knowledge.…”

Section: Multi-hazard Approaches: Inputs For the Sendai Framework Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Nicaragua, the communities of the subbasins of the Esteli and Coco Rivers monitor hand-made rain and river level gauges and use radio to communicate the data to the emergency management centers (Dávila 2016). Around the world, there are many examples of traditional and community-based warning systems for volcanoes (Donovan et al 2012 Source Compiled by the author based on data and information from Villagrán de León (2013, p. 80), Michoud et al (2013), Grasso (2014), and Dávila (2016) et al 2014), droughts (Chisadza et al 2013), tsunamis (Gaillard et al 2008), and malaria (Macherera and Chimbari 2016b). There are also surveys that identified regional and/or national warning systems for different hazards (Table 1).…”

Section: Multi-hazard Approaches: Inputs For the Sendai Framework Formentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

“What is a Sociologist Doing Here?” An Unconventional People-Centered Approach to Improve Warning Implementation in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

Marchezini

2020

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030 recommends several actions for early warning systems (EWSs). However, there is a lack of information about their means of implementation. This article used institutional ethnography to analyze the 2012-2018 implementation of a national warning system in Brazil. The challenges related to daily activities, and the interdisciplinary works in the four axes of EWSs towards multi-hazard and people-centered approaches are discussed. This national experience is then discussed in the light of the global challenges of EWSs considering two main issues: (1) experiences of implementation and barriers related to people-centered warning systems; and (2) types of national/regional warning systems and hazards/ threats that are being monitored as an important input for multi-hazard approaches. There are few multi-hazard warning systems in place and EWSs are focused on hydrometeorological hazards, mainly related to floods. The Sendai Framework needs to improve access to data and information, identify views from the frontline, consider political threats and vulnerabilities, and find ways to talk about disaster risk creation processes at a larger scale.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: The Daily Implementation Of Warning Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multi-hazard Approaches: Inputs For the Sendai Framework Formentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multi-hazard Approaches: Inputs For the Sendai Framework Formentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

“What is a Sociologist Doing Here?” An Unconventional People-Centered Approach to Improve Warning Implementation in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

Marchezini

2020

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Le SAP se définit comme un « ensemble de capacités nécessaires pour générer et diffuser des informations significatives d'alerte en temps opportun pour permettre à des individus, des communautés et des organisations menacés par un aléa de se préparer et d'agir de façon appropriée et en temps suffisant pour réduire la possibilité de dommages ou de pertes » (UNISDR, 2009). En théorie, il est mis en place dans la plupart des pays et pour la plupart des aléas naturels hydrométéorologiques et géologiques (GRASSO, 2014;UNEP, 2012;UNISDR, 2006a).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Systèmes d’alerte précoce pour les aléas naturels et environnementaux : virage ou mirage technologique ?

David

Bernatchez

Dumont

2018

rseau

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Les systèmes d’alerte précoce sont un moyen de réduction des risques naturels. Bien qu’ils soient appliqués depuis plusieurs décennies pour la plupart des aléas, notamment pour les aléas hydrométéorologiques et géologiques, ils sont généralement inefficaces. Le Québec est sujet à une multitude d’aléas hydrométéorologiques (verglas, déluge, submersion, érosion, etc.), certaines occurences dans les dernières décennies ont mené à un questionnement des acteurs quant à l’efficacité de réponse des systèmes en place. Grâce à une revue exhaustive de la littérature, cet article fait ressortir les conditions qui permettent l’opérationnalisation efficace des systèmes d’alerte précoce, en les positionnant dans le contexte d’une gestion de risque. Elle synthétise également les facteurs qui contraignent son fonctionnement et souligne certains critères de réussite. Plusieurs facteurs techniques, administratifs et sociaux influencent leur fonctionnement alors que la principale contrainte à leur efficacité réside dans la communication de l’alerte et dans la réponse non appropriée qui y fait suite. Mettre en opération un système d’alerte précoce efficace demande une approche holistique en opposition aux systèmes de communication linéaire basés sur la technologie qui voit la population à la fin du processus. Si l’intérêt des systèmes d’alerte précoce est de diminuer le risque encouru par une population, amoindrir sa vulnérabilité exige que le type de système soit adapté au contexte local. Joindre les connaissances scientifiques au savoir local peut contribuer à cibler les besoins réels et facilite la transmission des connaissances pour l’ensemble des acteurs. Cette collaboration peut se réaliser grâce à un suivi environnemental. Pour diminuer la vulnérabilité, un retour d’expérience des communautés vers le système semble nécessaire.

show abstract

Early Warning Systems and Their Role in Disaster Risk Reduction

Trogrlić

Homberg²,

Budimir

et al. 2022

Towards the “Perfect” Weather Warning

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this chapter, we introduce early warning systems (EWS) in the context of disaster risk reduction, including the main components of an EWS, the roles of the main actors and the need for robust evaluation. Management of disaster risks requires that the nature and distribution of risk are understood, including the hazards, and the exposure, vulnerability and capacity of communities at risk. A variety of policy options can be used to reduce and manage risks, and we emphasise the contribution of early warnings, presenting an eight-component framework of people-centred early warning systems which highlights the importance of an integrated and all-society approach. We identify the need for decisions to be evidence-based, for performance monitoring and for dealing with errors and false information. We conclude by identifying gaps in current early warning systems, including in the social components of warning systems and in dealing with multi-hazards, and obstacles to progress, including issues in funding, data availability, and stakeholder engagement.

show abstract

The State of Early Warning Systems

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

“What is a Sociologist Doing Here?” An Unconventional People-Centered Approach to Improve Warning Implementation in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

“What is a Sociologist Doing Here?” An Unconventional People-Centered Approach to Improve Warning Implementation in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction

Systèmes d’alerte précoce pour les aléas naturels et environnementaux : virage ou mirage technologique ?

Early Warning Systems and Their Role in Disaster Risk Reduction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About