The spatial and temporal characteristics of TOMS AI over the Tarim Basin, China

Gao, Hao; Washington, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.11.013

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, dust near the surface produces a deficiency in the TOMS AI values (Mahowald et al, 2003). To overcome this problem, many researchers have applied a threshold value to the AI values (Prospero et al, 2002;Washington et al, 2003;Gao and Washington, 2009;. In this study, monthly AI threshold values are implemented as a condition for selecting the cases; the magnitude of this threshold and its identification are discussed in the methodology subsection.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability and synoptic characteristics of dust cases over southwestern Saudi Arabia

Mashat

Alamoudi

Awad

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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ABSTRACT:The synoptic characteristics and statistical variability of seasonal dust over southwestern Saudi Arabia are studied for the period from 1979 to 2006 using the aerosol index (AI) from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) satellite, dust observations from surface stations, and meteorological data from the National Center for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data set.The seasonal AI distribution indicates that approximately 80% of each year was dusty and that most of the dust occurred during hot months. In addition, the surface observations of the dust types show that the stations with the largest number of dust observations throughout the year were close to the desert, except during the summer, when the stations near the Red Sea had the largest number of dust observations.The synoptic forces that influenced the dust cases were the relative positions of high-pressure systems (Azores or Siberian) and low-pressure systems (Sudan or Indian), alongside their interactions. The relative positions of the atmospheric systems are highly pronounced at a pressure level of 850 hPa; at this pressure, the systems are oriented from north (anticyclonic system) to south (cyclonic system), turn anticlockwise to become oriented from west (anticyclonic system) to east (cyclonic system) during the summer, and then turn clockwise during the winter. Moreover, the interaction of the atmospheric systems influences the wind pattern of the seasonal composition over the southern Arabian Peninsula, which produces an anticyclonic wind pattern during winter, a cyclonic wind pattern during spring, a northerly/northwesterly wind pattern during summer and an anticyclonic wind pattern during autumn.The dust sources changed because of the relative positions of these atmospheric systems, in which the 'Toker Gap' Sudan was the summer/autumn dust source, and the 'central and eastern' Arabian Peninsula was the winter/spring dust source.

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Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variability and synoptic characteristics of dust cases over southwestern Saudi Arabia

Mashat

Alamoudi

Awad

et al. 2017

Intl Journal of Climatology

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“…1) with a dry continental climate (Huang et al, 2016). Most of the TD area is composed of shifting sand dunes, and it is the most intense dust aerosol source in Asia (Gao and Washington, 2009;Zhang et al, 2003). The TD is of particular interest not only because of its large contribution to the global dust emission Yumimoto et al, 2009) but also because of its very unique orography and prevailing winds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taklimakan Desert nocturnal low-level jet: climatology and dust activity

Liu

Huang

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. While nocturnal low-level jets (NLLJs) occur frequently in many parts of the world, the occurrence and other detailed characteristics of NLLJs over the Taklimakan Desert (TD) are not well known. This paper presents a climatology of NLLJs and coincident dust over the TD by analyzing multi-year ERA-Interim reanalysis and satellite observations. It is found that the ERA-Interim dataset can capture the NLLJs' features well by comparison with radiosonde data from two surface sites. The NLLJs occur in more than 60 % of nights, which are primarily easterly to east-northeasterly. They typically appear at 100 to 400 m above the surface with a speed of 4 to 10 m s −1 . Most NLLJs are located above the nocturnal inversion during the warm season, while they are embedded in the inversion layer during the cold season. NLLJs above the inversion have a strong annual cycle with a maximum frequency in August. We also quantify the convective boundary layer (CBL) height and construct an index to measure the magnitude of the momentum in the CBL. We find that the magnitude of momentum in the lower atmosphere from the top of the surface layer to the top of mixed layer is larger for NLLJ cases than for non-NLLJ cases, and in the warm season the downward momentum transfer process is more intense and rapid. The winds below the NLLJ core to the desert surface gain strength in summer and autumn, and these summer and autumn winds are coincident with an enhancement of aerosol optical depth. This indicates that the NLLJ is an important mechanism for dust activity and transport during the warm season over the Taklimakan.

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“…Middle and eastern Asia is also a significant dust storm source region, and studies of dust loading and fluxes indicate major source deserts including the Gobi [63,64], Taklimakan [65], and Badan Jarain [66] deserts. Dust storms over this region have been well studied in the past decades due to their serious impacts on the social-economic centers of East Asian countries.…”

Section: Asian Desertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Global Dust Storm Records: Review of Dust Data Sources in Supporting Modeling/Climate Study

Wang

2015

Curr Pollution Rep

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Dust storms, as extreme environmental events, are one of the Earth's major natural hazards. Their impact on socio-economics can range from local urban to (trans-) continental and from minutes to decades, such as the dust bowl of the 1930s in the United States. Research on dust storms can be traced back for several decades as a meteorological extension. Latest technology developments have enabled comprehensive studies on dust storms, including sampling improvement, analytic studies, and numerical modeling. However, inhomogeneity of the data has hampered and sometimes even misguided research on comprehensive understanding of dust storms and exploring their feedbacks with climate. This review will focus on currently available observations of dust activities, which include routine meteorological records, in situ air chemistry observations, and satellite remote sensing. The aim is to show data sources and the status of their usage in a common framework for global dust regions. Emphasis is placed on data continuity and the spatial and temporal coverage of dust storms, since it is anticipated that this brief summary of dust data will benefit modeling and climate studies. Therefore, it must be noted that field campaign data are outside of the scope of the current review, although they play an important role in research and understanding.

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The spatial and temporal characteristics of TOMS AI over the Tarim Basin, China

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Seasonal variability and synoptic characteristics of dust cases over southwestern Saudi Arabia

Seasonal variability and synoptic characteristics of dust cases over southwestern Saudi Arabia

Taklimakan Desert nocturnal low-level jet: climatology and dust activity

Mapping the Global Dust Storm Records: Review of Dust Data Sources in Supporting Modeling/Climate Study

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