Taklimakan Desert nocturnal low-level jet: climatology and dust activity

Ge, Jinming; Liu, Huayue; Huang, Jianping; Fu, Qiang

doi:10.5194/acp-16-7773-2016

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…The temperature changes caused by the dust direct effect may result in a horizontal temperature gradient, thus modify near‐surface winds. Because the surface wind threshold determines the uptake of dust from the surface [e.g., Ge et al ., ], a feedback loop could be established for the total emission flux [ Huang et al ., ].…”

Section: Impacts Of Dust‐cloud Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dryland climate change: Recent progress and challenges

Huang

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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547

317

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Drylands are home to more than 38% of the world's population and are one of the most sensitive areas to climate change and human activities. This review describes recent progress in dryland climate change research. Recent findings indicate that the long‐term trend of the aridity index (AI) is mainly attributable to increased greenhouse gas emissions, while anthropogenic aerosols exert small effects but alter its attributions. Atmosphere‐land interactions determine the intensity of regional response. The largest warming during the last 100 years was observed over drylands and accounted for more than half of the continental warming. The global pattern and interdecadal variability of aridity changes are modulated by oceanic oscillations. The different phases of those oceanic oscillations induce significant changes in land‐sea and north‐south thermal contrasts, which affect the intensity of the westerlies and planetary waves and the blocking frequency, thereby altering global changes in temperature and precipitation. During 1948–2008, the drylands in the Americas became wetter due to enhanced westerlies, whereas the drylands in the Eastern Hemisphere became drier because of the weakened East Asian summer monsoon. Drylands as defined by the AI have expanded over the last 60 years and are projected to expand in the 21st century. The largest expansion of drylands has occurred in semiarid regions since the early 1960s. Dryland expansion will lead to reduced carbon sequestration and enhanced regional warming. The increasing aridity, enhanced warming, and rapidly growing population will exacerbate the risk of land degradation and desertification in the near future in developing countries.

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Section: Impacts Of Dust‐cloud Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dryland climate change: Recent progress and challenges

Huang

et al. 2017

Reviews of Geophysics

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547

317

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“…10a). Dust is efficiently transported to the upper troposphere in summer, because of strong winds (Ge et al, 2016). The Taklamakan Desert region exhibit the lowest boundary layer height in winter (Guo et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Aerosol Vertical Distributions Over the Representative Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol vertical distribution and optical properties over China from long-term satellite and ground-based remote sensing

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The seasonal and spatial variations of vertical distribution and optical properties of aerosols over China are studied using long-term satellite observations from the Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) and ground-based lidar observations and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data. The CALIOP products are validated using the ground-based lidar measurements at the Semi-Arid Climate and Environment Observatory of Lanzhou University (SACOL). The Taklamakan Desert and Tibetan Plateau regions exhibit the highest depolarization and color ratios because of the natural dust origin, whereas the North China Plain, Sichuan Basin and Yangtze River Delta show the lowest depolarization and color ratios because of aerosols from secondary formation of the anthropogenic origin. Certain regions, such as the North China Plain in spring and the Loess Plateau in winter, show intermediate depolarization and color ratios because of mixed dust and anthropogenic aerosols. In the Pearl River Delta region, the depolarization and color ratios are similar to but higher than those of the other polluted regions because of combined anthropogenic and marine aerosols. Long-range transport of dust in the middle and upper troposphere in spring is well captured by the CALIOP observations. The seasonal variations in the aerosol vertical distributions reveal efficient transport of aerosols from the atmospheric boundary layer to the free troposphere because of summertime convective mixing. The aerosol extinction lapse rates in autumn and winter are more positive than those in spring and summer, indicating trapped aerosols within the boundary layer because of stabler meteorological conditions. More than 80 % of the column aerosols are distributed within 1.5 km above the ground in winter, when the aerosol extinction lapse rate exhibits a maximum seasonal average in all study regions except for the Tibetan Plateau. The aerosol extinction lapse rates in the polluted regions are higher than those of the less polluted regions, indicating a stabilized atmosphere due to absorptive aerosols in the polluted regions. Our results reveal that the satellite and ground-based remote-sensing measurements provide the key information on the long-term seasonal and spatial variations in the aerosol vertical distribution and optical properties, regional aerosol types, long-range transport and atmospheric stability, which can be utilized to more precisely assess the direct and indirect aerosol effects on weather and climate.

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“…The ERA-Interim dataset is chosen for the present study due to the lack of upper-level wind measurements over the Red Sea. In addition, it has been used for other climatological studies of LLJs (e.g., Fiedler et al, 2013;Ranjha et al, 2013;Nicholson, 2016;Ge et al, 2016).…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LLJs are an important mechanism for the meridional transport of heat and moisture (Cheinet et al, 2005;Marengo et al, 2004). Furthermore, LLJs can influence wind energy resources (Van Buskirk et al, 1998;Storm et al, 2009;Lebassi-Habtezion and Van Buskirk, 2012), carbon dioxide concentration (Mathieu et al, 2005) and dust mobilization (Liu et al, 2000;Washington et al, 2006;Fiedler et al, 2013;Ge et al, 2016), and aviation (Stensrud, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A climatology of the winter low‐level jet over the Red Sea

Samman

Gallus

2018

Intl Journal of Climatology

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This study presents the first climatology of the low‐level jet (LLJ) over the southern part of the Red Sea during the winter season. ERA‐Interim pressure levels with 25 hPa vertical resolution were analysed for a 10‐year period from 2006 to 2015. The jet was found to be a relatively frequent phenomenon, occurring on 37% of all 6‐hr time steps in all 10 years in the south at 13.5°N and 43°E, decreasing to 15% of the data farther north at 19.5°N and 39°E. The core of the jet was usually close to the ground, with occurrence maximized at the 925 and 950 hPa levels corresponding roughly to 540–800 m above sea level. The study defined three criteria for the jet based on peak wind speeds. The jets that met the weaker criterion were frequent north of the straight of Bab el Mandeb in the far southern part of the Red Sea. The jets that met the two stronger criteria were more frequent further north approximately between 14°–17°N and 39°–42°E. Although the jet was present in the strait of Bab el Mandeb as found in earlier studies, the extension of the jet so much farther north suggests that other processes besides channelling must be acting to produce this jet. It also appears that the jet plays a significant role in moisture advection towards the central Red Sea region, which can contribute towards precipitation there as it was found that the moisture concentration increased in that region when the LLJ was present. It must be noted, however, that the present study relied upon reanalysis data to document the jet. Upper level observations in the region are scarce, so caution should be used in the interpretation of the results.

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Taklimakan Desert nocturnal low-level jet: climatology and dust activity

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Dryland climate change: Recent progress and challenges

Dryland climate change: Recent progress and challenges

Aerosol vertical distribution and optical properties over China from long-term satellite and ground-based remote sensing

A climatology of the winter low‐level jet over the Red Sea

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