The Solubility Profile of 3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde in Aqueous Binary Solvent Mixtures at Several Temperatures

Abstract

The solubility of 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzaldehyde (TMBA) in five kinds of aqueous mixed solvents including water + (ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, acetone, or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF)) was determined by a gravimetric method. The temperature range was 278.15 to 313.15 K. The solubility of TMBA is positively correlated with temperature in all the selected aqueous mixed systems. The results show that the solubility of TMBA in the solvents of water + alcohol is lower than that in water + DMF or water + acetone. The maximum solubility (x 1 = 0.3669 mol•mol −1 in the solvent of water + DMF, T = 313.15 K, and x 2 = 0.9) is about 1800 times higher than the minimum solubility (x 1 = 0.0002010 mol•mol −1 in the solvent of water + ethanol, T = 278.15 K, and x 2 = 0.1). There is a cosolvency phenomenon in the water + alcohol solvent systems. Furthermore, thermodynamic models including the modified Jouyban−Acree model, Sun model, nonrandom two-liquid (NRTL) model, and Wilson model were used in this paper. Relative average deviation and root-mean-square deviation values are not larger than 0.0783 (Sun model, water + DMF) and 0.002625 (NRTL model, water + acetone). The Wilson model and the NRTL model fitted better, and all the selected models provided satisfactory correlation results.

Measurement and Correlation of the Solubility of 2-Mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol in Aqueous Binary Solvent Mixtures

“…The Jouyban–Acree model − is shown in eq , which is used to describe the effects of temperature and the percentage of each component in the mixed solvent on solubility. where J i is the adjusted model parameters. The modified Jouyban–Acree model obtained by combining the Jouyban–Acree model with the Apelblat model , is By simplifying the above equation, we obtain …”

Solubility Determination and Modeling of 9,9-Dihexyl-2,7-dibromofluorene in Twelve Solvent Systems at 283.15–323.15 K

“…Polyfluorenes (PFs) are a kind of blue light-emitting materials with excellent properties. , PFs with wide band gaps, excellent thermal and chemical stability, and high quantum efficiency are garnering an increasing amount of research interest. , In particular, studies on 9,9-disubstituted fluorene-based polymers have demonstrated that such PF derivatives can effectively enhance the solubility and processability of PFs. − The 9,9-Dihexyl-2,7-dibromofluorene (F6-Br) with a typical structure of 9,9-disubstituted fluorene-based halohydrocarbon (Figure ) is an important intermediate product in the synthesis of 9,9-disubstituted fluorene-based polymers. − The purity of F6-Br has a significant impact on the characteristics of the generated polymer in this type of synthesis reaction, and side reactions caused by impurities in the reactants often result in low-quality polymers with a low molecular weight and poor regioregularity. − Small levels of fluorenone in the reactants, for example, can increase the likelihood of ketone defects forming in the produced polymers, lowering the color purity, and decreasing the device longevity, while the partial substitutional oxidation of fluorenes produces these fluorenones, which can be efficiently reduced by monomer purification . The solvent/antisolvent (SAS) method has been one of the efficient methods to purify organic molecules for advanced applications. − The solubility of materials in various organic solvents is an important parameter for solution treatment and crystallization. − Therefore, it is critical to investigate the dissolution and purification of F6-Br in various solvents for advanced applications.…”