The Situation of HIV/M. tuberculosis Co-Infection in Europe

Giehl, Claudia

doi:10.2174/1874279301105010021

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Due to these increasing numbers, and regardless of the abiding movements and recent social awareness for the human crisis affecting Europe, migrants remain among the most vulnerable members of the European societies [ 1 ], and can be at risk for diseases, including infectious diseases, due to poor living conditions or other disparities [ 3 ]. In fact, in the European Union, migrant populations are at a greater risk of HIV and/or TB acquisition than the general population [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and tuberculosis co-infection among migrants in Europe: A systematic review on the prevalence, incidence and mortality

et al. 2017

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BackgroundInternational human migration has been rapidly growing. Migrants coming from low and middle income countries continue to be considerably vulnerable and at higher risk for infectious diseases, namely HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) and tuberculosis (TB). In Europe, the number of patients with HIV-TB co-infection has been increasing and migration could be one of the potential driving forces.ObjectiveThis systematic review aims to improve the understanding on the burden of HIV-TB co-infection among migrants in Europe and to assess whether these populations are particularly vulnerable to this co-infection compared to nationals.DesignMEDLINE®, Web of Science® and Scopus® databases were searched from March to April 2016 using combinations of keywords. Titles and abstracts were screened and studies meeting the inclusion criteria proceeded for full-text revision. These articles were then selected for data extraction on the prevalence, incidence and mortality.ResultsThe majority of HIV-TB prevalence data reported in the analysed studies, including extrapulmonary/disseminated TB forms, was higher among migrant vs. nationals, some of the studies even showing increasing trends over time. Additionally, while HIV-TB incidence rates have decreased among migrants and nationals, migrants are still at a higher risk for this co-infection. Migrants with HIV-TB co-infection were also more prone to unsuccessful treatment outcomes, death and drug resistant TB. However, contradicting results also showed lower mortality compared to nationals.ConclusionsOverall, a disproportionate vulnerability of migrants to acquire the HIV-TB co-infection was observed across studies. Such vulnerability has been associated to low socioeconomic status, poor living conditions and limited access to healthcare. Adequate social support, early detection, appropriate treatment, and adequate access to healthcare are key improvements to tackle HIV-TB co-infection among these populations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and tuberculosis co-infection among migrants in Europe: A systematic review on the prevalence, incidence and mortality

et al. 2017

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“…Self-reported TB patients had an almost eight times higher risk of HIV infection as those without TB, confirming other national and global studies. [44][45][46][47] This justifies the implementation of various HIV-TB collaborative activities and highlights the need to strengthen these services at district, state and subnational levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial pattern and determinants of HIV infection among adults aged 15 to 54 years in India – Evidence from National Family Health Survey‐4 (2015‐16)

Krishnamoorthy

Majella

Rajaa

et al. 2021

Tropical Med Int Health

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objective To assess the spatial pattern and determinants of HIV infection in India. methods We conducted a secondary data analysis using the National Family Health Survey-4 data obtained from the Demographic Health Survey programme. We accounted for clustering and stratification in the sampling design using the svyset command. Spatial analysis was performed by generating the Moran's I statistic and local indicators for spatial association (LISA) maps. Logistic regression was performed to identify the determinants of HIV infection. results 230 213 individuals were included. Prevalence of HIV infection in India was 0.24% (95% CI: 0.21%-0.28%). Being separated/widowed/divorced (aOR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.22-5.40), living in an urban area (aOR = 2.46, 95% CI: 1.79-3.37), being resident in the North-Eastern (aOR = 4.25, 95% CI: 2.60-6.93), Southern (aOR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.99-4.91) or Western region (aOR = 2.17, 95% CI: 1.08-4.33), having a history of multiple sexual partners (aOR = 1.99, 95% CI:1.42-2.79), a suspected STI (aOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.38-3.90) or self-reported TB (aOR = 7.80, 95% CI: 2.52-24.05) were significantly in association with HIV infection. Moran's I was 0.377, suggesting positive spatial autocorrelation. The LISA cluster map indicated 60 hotspot districts in India, mostly in southern states such as Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana followed by north-eastern states such as Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Assam. conclusion HIV infection among adults aged 15-54 years in India is spatially clustered with the majority occurring in southern and north-eastern states. Hence, region-or district-specific strategies with focused interventions should be adopted. keywords geographic information systems, HIV, India, spatial analysis Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Good health and well-being, universal health coverage; end epidemics; strengthen capacity to manage health risks 546

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“…15 Among European countries, France, Iceland and Portugal have reported co-infection prevalence of approximately 11-15%, but central European countries have reported a lower prevalence (0-1%). 16 Many studies have been done in parts of Nigeria on prevalence of HIV among TB patients with prevalence of 18.8% in Kano, 17 28.12% in Ibadan 18 and 48% in North-Central, Nigeria. 19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sero-prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in a teaching hospital in Bauchi, North-Eastern Nigeria

et al. 2018

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About a third of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive population worldwide is co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, data are lacking about the prevalence of HIV among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a teaching hospital in Bauchi, northeast Nigeria. The aim of this study is to determine the sero-prevalence of HIV among patients with sputum smear positive PTB at Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria. This is a retrospective study review of patients’ medical records diagnosed with sputum smear positive PTB that attended and received treatment at directly observed treatment short course (DOTS) clinic of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital (ATBUTH), Bauchi, Bauchi State, North-Eastern Nigeria from January, 2015- December, 2017. All the patients were newly diagnosed with sputum smear positive PTB using ZN stain testing of their sputum and screened for HIV antibodies. There were 155 patients studied comprising of 95 (61.29%) males and 60 (38.71%) females. One hundred and twenty (77.42%) patients were seronegative and 35 (22.58%) sero-positive for HIV. Most of the patients were within the ages of 15-54 years with mean age of 34.63±15.55. The sero-prevalence of HIV infection among the patients is 22.58%. Sero-prevalence of HIV is observed to be high among young and married patients with secondary level of education. The sero-prevalence of HIV infection among the patients is relatively lower than those reported in most parts of Nigeria and the sub-Saharan Africa, hence there is still need for continued screening of HIV antibodies among patients with PTB so as to reduce the morbidity and mortality that may result from the coinfection.

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The Situation of HIV/M. tuberculosis Co-Infection in Europe

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

HIV and tuberculosis co-infection among migrants in Europe: A systematic review on the prevalence, incidence and mortality

HIV and tuberculosis co-infection among migrants in Europe: A systematic review on the prevalence, incidence and mortality

Spatial pattern and determinants of HIV infection among adults aged 15 to 54 years in India – Evidence from National Family Health Survey‐4 (2015‐16)

Sero-prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection among patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis in a teaching hospital in Bauchi, North-Eastern Nigeria

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