The severity of obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with insulin resistance

Tiihonen, Mikko; Partinen, Markku; Närvänen, S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2869.1993.tb00062.x

Cited by 105 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The present results confirm some previous clinic-based studies on smaller samples suggesting an independent relationship between sleep apnoea and abnormal glucose tolerance [15,[17][18][19]. Three studies on very small samples of patients have suggested a link between sleep-disordered breathing and impaired glucose-insulin metabolism.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

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Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in males with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Meslier¹,

Gagnadoux²,

Giraud³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

265

159

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The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the frequency of type-2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in a large clinic-based male population presenting various degrees of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and to analyse the relationship between OSAS and glucose-insulin metabolism.Male patients (n=595) with suspected OSAS underwent both nocturnal polysomnography and a 2-h oral glucose-tolerance test with measurements of fasting and postload blood glucose and plasma insulin. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the ratio of fasting glucose to fasting insulin.OSAS was diagnosed in 494 patients, while 101 patients were nonapnoeic snorers. Type-2 diabetes was present in 30.1% of OSAS patients and 13.9% of nonapnoeic snorers. IGT was diagnosed in 20.0% of OSAS patients and 13.9% of nonapnoeic snorers. Fasting and postload blood glucose increased with severity of sleep apnoea. Insulin sensitivity decreased with increasing severity of sleep apnoea. In addition to body mass index and age, the apnoea/hypopnoea index independently influenced postload blood glucose and insulin sensitivity.The authors conclude that in a clinic-based sample of patients, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is associated with a high frequency of type-2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. The relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and impaired glucose-insulin metabolism is independent of obesity and age. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 156-160.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Furthermore, there is evidence that insulin resistance predisposes to cardiovascular disease [12][13][14]. Previous studies on the relationship between insulin resistance and OSAS [15][16][17][18] and on the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on insulin resistance [19,20] have yielded conflicting results.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in males with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Meslier¹,

Gagnadoux²,

Giraud³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

265

159

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar data have been obtained in samples of OSA patients (tables 3 and 4) [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80], with a large prevalence of positive [63,[64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79] rather than negative [78][79][80] studies. In clinical populations, OSA patients characterised by full-PSG were significantly more likely to have impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes than subjects free of OSA syndrome (OSAS) [71].…”

Section: Physiological and Clinical Datasupporting

confidence: 64%

Sleep, sleep-disordered breathing and metabolic consequences

Lévy¹,

Bonsignore²,

Eckel³

2009

European Respiratory Journal

292

187

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Sleep profoundly affects metabolic pathways. In healthy subjects, experimental sleep restriction caused insulin resistance (IR) and increased evening cortisol and sympathetic activation. Increased obesity in subjects reporting short sleep duration leads to speculation that, during recent decades, decreased sleeping time in the general population may have contributed to the increasing prevalence of obesity. Causal inference is difficult due to lack of control for confounders and inconsistent evidence of temporal sequence.In the general population, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with glucose intolerance. OSA severity is also associated with the degree of IR. However, OSA at baseline does not seem to significantly predict the development of diabetes. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome is higher in patients with OSA than in obese subjects without OSA. Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure seems to improve glucose metabolism both in diabetic and nondiabetic OSA but mainly in nonobese subjects.The relative role of obesity and OSA in the pathogenesis of metabolic alterations is still unclear and is intensively studied in clinical and experimental models. In the intermittent hypoxia model in rodents, strong interactions are likely to occur between haemodynamic alterations, systemic inflammation and metabolic changes, modulated by genetic background. Molecular and cellular mechanisms are currently being investigated.

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“…This result was supported by a cross sectional study which asked participants about their participation in yoga-related activities, and those who perform yoga activities had similar fasting glucose levels as non-practitioners [40]. A third study found that after an intensive 11 week intervention of hatha yoga for 90 min five times per week, fasting glucose levels rose compared to before intervention [41]. It should be noted that cross-sectional studies cannot prove causation (or lack thereof) and that the intensive hatha yoga study only consisted of 15 subjects.…”

Section: Effect Of Pranayamas On Insulin Sensitivity and Glycemic Statussupporting

confidence: 58%

Review: Can Yoga Breathing Exercises Improve Glycemic Response and Insulin Sensitivity?

Wilson¹,

Kelly²,

Baker³

2017

J Yoga Phys Ther

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This is the first review of the literature on the effects of slow breathing on glycemic regulation and insulin sensitivity. While many studies have investigated the effects of yoga on individuals with diabetes, few studies have specifically focusing on the isolation of slow breathing as the principle factor in their intervention. While it is difficult to separate the exercise-related effects of yoga, there is considerable evidence that a breathing intervention is capable of increasing insulin sensitivity and improving glycemic regulation. This appears to be true both acutely and chronically in healthy individuals and those with diabetes. Yoga pranayama and the slow breathing practices that are fundamental to yoga represent a relatively low-cost and under-utilized intervention for individuals with conditions related to altered glycemic regulation and insulin sensitivity. More studies should focus on pranayama and slow breathing maneuvers to better clarify the role of respiratory modulation on glucose metabolism and insulin response.

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The severity of obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with insulin resistance

Cited by 105 publications

References 22 publications

Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in males with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in males with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Sleep, sleep-disordered breathing and metabolic consequences

Review: Can Yoga Breathing Exercises Improve Glycemic Response and Insulin Sensitivity?

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