Impaired glucose-insulin metabolism in males with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome

Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the frequency of type-2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in a large clinic-based male population presenting various degrees of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and to analyse the relationship between OSAS and glucose-insulin metabolism.Male patients (n=595) with suspected OSAS underwent both nocturnal polysomnography and a 2-h oral glucose-tolerance test with measurements of fasting and postload blood glucose and plasma insulin. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated by the ratio of fasting glucose to fasting insulin.OSAS was diagnosed in 494 patients, while 101 patients were nonapnoeic snorers. Type-2 diabetes was present in 30.1% of OSAS patients and 13.9% of nonapnoeic snorers. IGT was diagnosed in 20.0% of OSAS patients and 13.9% of nonapnoeic snorers. Fasting and postload blood glucose increased with severity of sleep apnoea. Insulin sensitivity decreased with increasing severity of sleep apnoea. In addition to body mass index and age, the apnoea/hypopnoea index independently influenced postload blood glucose and insulin sensitivity.The authors conclude that in a clinic-based sample of patients, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is associated with a high frequency of type-2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance. The relationship between sleep-disordered breathing and impaired glucose-insulin metabolism is independent of obesity and age. Eur Respir J 2003; 22: 156-160.

Predictors of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Risk among Blacks with Metabolic Syndrome

“…While we could not determine how many of at-risk patients would actually receive an OSA diagnosis, we are guided by available data showing that among patients with metabolic syndrome referred for OSA assessment, 50.1% received a diagnosis [15]. We surmise that this might even be greater among blacks with metabolic syndrome.…”

Frequency of Obesity and Concomittant Diseases in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome OSAS

“…Meslier ve arkadaşları polisomnografi yapılan OSAS tanısı konulan erkek olguların %30.1'inde, OSAS saptanmayan hastaların ise %13.9'unda 2 saatlik glikoz tolerans testi ile DM tanısı koymuş [28], OSAS ile insulin direnci arasındaki ilişkinin obeziteyle bağlantılı olduğu gösterilmiş-tir [29]. Bunun yanında hipertansif, diyabetik ve obez olmayan Koreli erkekler üzerinde yapılan bir çalışmada ise açlık kan şekerleri ve insülin düzeyleri farklı olmamasına rağmen, 75 gram oral glikoz tolerans testinde 1. ve 2. saatte habitüel horlaması olan hastalarda habitüel horlaması olmayan hastalara göre glikoz ve insülin seviyeleri belirgin olarak daha yüksek bulunmuştur [30].…”

The Assessment of Sleep Apnoea as a Risk Factor in Glaucoma

“…These two conditions are associated with sleep apnoea as well as glaucoma. It has been reported that 40% of the patients with sleep apnoea are diabetics [11], while 40-60% patients with sleep apnoea have arterial hypertension [12].…”