1999
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199905)58:1<93::aid-jmv15>3.0.co;2-p
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The seroepidemiology of genogroup 1 and genogroup 2 Norwalk-like viruses in Italy

Abstract: Southampton virus (SV) and Lordsdale viruses (LV) are small round structured viruses characterised recently and belong to two separate genogroups. The capsid genes of these viruses were expressed in insect cells using recombinant baculoviruses. Both SV (genogroup 1) and LV (genogroup 2) capsid proteins self-assembled to form virus-like particles (VLPs). The VLPs were used in a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to screen for antibodies to SV and LV in 1,729 age-stratified human sera collected i… Show more

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Cited by 41 publications
(30 citation statements)
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“…1A) as already reported (2,18,21). The 55-kDa protein might represent a possible cleavage product of the expressed protein as previously suggested (2,21).…”
supporting
confidence: 83%
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“…1A) as already reported (2,18,21). The 55-kDa protein might represent a possible cleavage product of the expressed protein as previously suggested (2,21).…”
supporting
confidence: 83%
“…The capsid protein obtained self-assembled spontaneously into virus-like particles (VLPs) which are morphologically and antigenically similar to the native particles. VLPs have been subsequently prepared for different strains, notably Southampton genotype I (18), Hawaii genotype II (10), Mexico genotype II (14), Toronto GII (16), and Lordsdale genotype II (6). Because noroviruses are difficult to propagate, these VLPs represent an important source of antigen that can be used in place of the native virus to study seroprevalence and to better understand immunity to caliciviruses.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The crude VLPs were pelleted by centrifugation for 2 h at 100,000 ϫ g using a Beckman SW28 rotor, resuspended in CsCl at 1.362 g/cm 3 , and centrifuged for 24 h at 120,000 ϫ g in a Beckman SW50.1 rotor to reach equilibrium. The CsCl was removed from gradient fractions containing VLPs by dialysis with 10 mM Tris-HCl-150 mM NaCl (pH 7.5) (27). The purified VLPs were stored in aliquots at Ϫ135°C.…”
Section: Construction Of Recombinant-baculovirus-expressing Jv Capsidmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Since no information on the genetic characterization of norovirus infections in Portugal was available, we selected GII.4 New Orleans antigen as this GII.4 variant emerged in 2009 and continued to cause outbreaks in 2012 [13]. Compared to data from other countries, such as France which reported a prevalence of 74.1% [14]; Italy, 91.2% [15]; and the UK, 99.5% [8], the 70% we found in the Portuguese samples was relatively low. This variance could reflect real differences in exposure levels of norovirus in different European countries, or may be the result of the fact that the VLPs used in our study were unable to detect cross-reactive antibodies against non-GII.4 norovirus strains including GI [16].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 88%