Norovirus GII.4 antibodies in the Portuguese population

Mesquita, João R.; Nascimento, María Säo José

doi:10.3855/jidc.4616

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Antibodies to GII.4 NoV were detected in 70% of sera samples collected from Portuguese adults 54 whereas the seroprevalence of IgG against GI.4, GII.3, and GII.4 NoV genotypes was 84.1%, 76.3%, and 94.5%, respectively in a cohort of Koreans. 55 This study reported low levels of antibodies among <23-month age group.…”

Section: Viral Shedding Natural Infection With Nov and Seroprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus vaccines: Correlates of protection, challenges and limitations

Melhem

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Norovirus (NoV) is responsible for at least 50% of all gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. NoVs are classified into 6 different genogroups (GGI-GGVI) based on the viral capsid protein with NoV genogroup II genotype 4 (GII.4) being the predominant strain causing human diseases. Supportive therapy involving reversal of dehydration and electrolyte deficiency is the main treatment of NoV gastroenteritis. However, the worldwide increased recognition of NoV as an important agent of diarrheal gastroenteritis prompted researchers to focus on establishing preventive strategies conferring long-lasting immunity. This review describes the current status of animal and human vaccine models/studies targeting NoV and addresses the factors hampering the development of a broadly effective vaccine.

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Section: Viral Shedding Natural Infection With Nov and Seroprotectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norovirus vaccines: Correlates of protection, challenges and limitations

Melhem

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…As an alternative approach to pathogen detection in stool samples, serology is commonly used to estimate the prevalence in a population. Serological studies representing different populations globally have identified a prevalence of antibodies to noroviruses ranging between 80% to 100% in adults (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Most serology studies used virus-like particles (VLPs) of GI.1, GII.3, and GII.4 (8,16,24,25), and only a few have investigated antibody responses to other norovirus genotypes (14,26,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serological studies representing different populations globally have identified a prevalence of antibodies to noroviruses ranging between 80% to 100% in adults (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Most serology studies used virus-like particles (VLPs) of GI.1, GII.3, and GII.4 (8,16,24,25), and only a few have investigated antibody responses to other norovirus genotypes (14,26,27). These VLPs consist of 90 major capsid protein (VP1) dimers and are antigenically comparable to native virions (28).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profiling of humoral immune responses to norovirus in children across Europe

Villabruna¹,

Izquierdo-Lara²,

Schapendonk³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Human noroviruses are a major cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks worldwide. The majority of outbreaks and sporadic cases are caused by norovirus genotype GII.4 but 48 capsid genotypes and 60 polymerase genotypes (P-types) have been described, some of which are frequently reported while others are rarely detected. Little is known about the circulation and reservoirs of the less common genotypes. In this study, we have investigated whether children could pose a possible reservoir for undetected circulation of norovirus diversity. We, therefore, tested IgG and IgA responses of sera obtained from 287 children aged <1 month to 5.5 years on a protein microarray against P particles representing 30 norovirus GI and GII genotypes. We further profiled immune responses against the P-type by assessing antigenicity and seroprevalence of the non-structural proteins. The overall seroprevalence was 95.3% in children up to six months old (maternal antibodies), followed by a decrease to 59.6% up to 12 months, and an increase to 84.7% by the age of 5.5 years. We detected antibody responses against all tested genotypes, with the most specific IgG and IgA responses directed against the GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, and GII.6 capsid genotypes, which are the most frequently reported noroviruses in outbreaks. We also detected antibodies against the non-structural proteins p48 and p22 in sera of older children, predominantly against GII genotypes. While we found no evidence to suggest that rarely detected genotypes widely circulate in children, this is the first study to investigate seroprevalence against such a wide variety of human norovirus capsid and polymerase genotypes.

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“…6,7 GI and GII are most commonly involved in human outbreaks, with genotype GII.4 responsible for about 60% of the overall disease burden. 8 Epidemiological data on human NoV in Portugal includes surveillance studies, [9][10][11] reports of outbreaks caused by contaminated food [12][13][14][15] and studies of recreational waters. 16 RVs are known as the major aetiological agent of paediatric AGE.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and host genetics of norovirus and rotavirus infections in Portuguese elderly living in aged care homes

Piedade

Nordgren

Esteves

et al. 2019

Journal of Medical Virology

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Norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus group A (RVA) are major agents of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. This study aimed to investigate their epidemiological profile in Portuguese elderly living in long‐term care facilities and to assess the host genetic factors mediating infection susceptibility. From November 2013 to June 2015, 636 faecal specimens from 169 elderly, mainly asymptomatic, living in nursing homes in Greater Lisbon and Faro district, Portugal, were collected. NoV and RVA were detected by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and NoV genotyped by phylogenetic analysis. NoV detection rate was 7.1% (12 of 169). Three GI.3 and one GII.6 strains were genotyped. RVA detection rate was 3.6% (6 of 169), exclusively in asymptomatic individuals. Host genetic factors associated with infection susceptibility were described on 250 samples by saliva‐based enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. The Lewis‐negative phenotype was 8.8% (22 of 250) and the rate of nonsecretors was 16.8% (42 of 250). Association to NoV and RVA infection was performed in the subgroup of individuals (n = 147) who delivered both faecal and saliva samples. The majority of NoV‐ and RVA‐positive individuals (90.9% and 83.3%, respectively) were secretor‐positive, with Lewis B phenotype. In a subset of individuals, FUT2 and FUT3 genes were genotyped to assess mutations and validate the secretor and Lewis phenotypes. All sequenced nonsecretors were homozygous for FUT2 nonsense mutation G428A. In this study, low detection rates of NoV and RVA infections were found during two winter seasons. However, even in the absence of any outbreak, the importance of finding these infections in a nonepidemic situation in long‐term care facilities may have important implications for infection control.

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Norovirus GII.4 antibodies in the Portuguese population

Cited by 8 publications

References 15 publications

Norovirus vaccines: Correlates of protection, challenges and limitations

Norovirus vaccines: Correlates of protection, challenges and limitations

Profiling of humoral immune responses to norovirus in children across Europe

Molecular epidemiology and host genetics of norovirus and rotavirus infections in Portuguese elderly living in aged care homes

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