The sensitivity and specificity of the Falls Efficacy Scale and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale for hemiplegic stroke patients

Abstract

[Purpose] This study attempted to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES) and the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) for community residents with hemiplegic stroke. [Subjects and Methods] The FES and the ABC data were collected for a sample of 99 community-dwelling hemiplegic stroke patients in Korea. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to determine the cut-off values, and the area under the curve (AUC) was used to assess the overall accuracy of each balance test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the predictors of falling. [Results] The cut-off value was 63.75 in the ABC and 66.50 in the FES. The sensitivity and specificity of the ABC was 41.3% and 92.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the FES was 69.8% and 63.9%, respectively. The AUC was 0.691 for the ABC and 0.678 for the FES. The ABC explained 28.0% of the variance in the experience of falls. [Conclusion] The ABC has the ability to determine non-fallers, and it was a good explanatory factor of experience of falls.

Impaired Balance in Patients with Fibromyalgia Syndrome: Predictors of the Impact of This Disorder and Balance Confidence

“…Self-confidence is considered a psychological characteristic and has received a lot of attention in the treatment of diverse chronic illnesses [31], among which is FMS. In the study by Eun-Young et al [32], the ABC scale was identified as a significant predictor of falls. In this study it was found the majority of the study population had a moderate-low balance confidence level and reported a substantial risk of falls with a mean total score on the ABC scale of 58.05 (SD = 22.34), a score lower than that found by Jones et al [3,8], (ABC = 73.23, SD = 24.02; ABC = 81.24, SD = 19.52) in two studies on balance and posture control in patients with FMS with disease impact averages of 59.26 (SD 17.85) and 54.06 (SD 17.75).…”

Immersive Virtual Reality in Stroke Patients as a New Approach for Reducing Postural Disabilities and Falls Risk: A Case Series

“…It is a 16-item questionnaire that assesses the level of confidence to maintain the balance. Lower scores are related with a low confidence to maintain balance and an increase in the falls risk [39]. FES-I is a short and standardized tool that measures the fear of falling.…”

Evaluation of Home-Based Rehabilitation Sensing Systems with Respect to Standardised Clinical Tests

“…Functional reach test Dynamic balance [10] Berg Balance scale Dynamic and static balance [11] Performance oriented mobility assessment Dynamic/static balance and gait abilities [12] Balance evaluation system Overall balance. Tests include sit to stand test, rise to toes, stand on one leg [13] Falls efficacy scale and balance confidence scale self-evaluation Subject ability/confidence in carrying out daily activities [14] Balance error scoring system (BESS) Static postural stability [15] Timed up and go (TUG) Mobility, static and dynamic balance [4] Five times sit to stand (FTSTS) test Lower-limb functionality, durability and balance [16] The TUG test can be carried out in the home environment with a non-clinical person's assistance. The only tool needed is a stopwatch to measure the time to complete the test [17].…”