“…The great majority of studies that deal with the succession of party leaders in democratic systems examine the effects of institutional rules of leadership selection and removal on leadership survival. Many such studies also assess the pros and cons on different leader selection and removal mechanisms from a number of different perspectives, and examine the impacts of recent institutional changes that have taken place within many parties (Colomé and Lopez Nieto, 1993;Courtney, 1995;Davis, 1998;Kenig, 2009;LeDuc, 2001;Marsh, 1993;Quinn, 2004Quinn, , 2005Stark, 1996;Strøm, 1993;Weller, 1983Weller, , 1994. Other empirical studies concentrate on explaining the dynamics of particular types of successions, such as voluntary or 'managed' handovers from an incumbent to an heir apparent (Bynander and 't Hart, 2006, 2007.…”