The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of maternal-fetal interface and fetal organs by single cell transcriptome study

Li, Mengmeng; Chen, Liang; Xiong, Chenglong; Li, Xiangjie

doi:10.1101/2020.02.27.967760

Cited by 131 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…COVID-19-endothelial activation could explain the systemic impaired microcirculatory function in different vascular beds and their clinical sequelae. 6,7 Those sequelae are similar to that reported in Ebola virus patients. 4 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the receptor that SARS-CoV-2 uses for penetration into the cells.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Molina-Carballo

Jeréz-Calero

Muñóz-Hoyos

2020

Journal of Child Science

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Melatonin, produced in every cell that possesses mitochondria, acts as an endogenous free radical scavenger, and improves energetic metabolism and immune function, by complex molecular crosstalk with other intracellular compounds. There is greatly increasing evidence regarding beneficial effects of acute and chronic administration of high melatonin doses, in infectious, developmental, and degenerative pathologies, as an endothelial cell and every cell protectant.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Molina-Carballo

Jeréz-Calero

Muñóz-Hoyos

2020

Journal of Child Science

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“…11 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is known to be the receptor of SARS-CoV-2 and is highly expressed in placental tissues. 12 Animal data show that ACE2 expression changes in fetal/neonatal tissues over time and reaches a peak between the end of gestation and the rst days of postnatal life. 12 The combination of these data and our ndings con rms that transplacental transmission is indeed possible in the last weeks of pregnancy, although we cannot exclude a possible transmission and fetal consequences earlier during the pregnancy, as there are no literature data available yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection

Vivanti

Vauloup-Fellous

Prévôt

et al. 2020

Preprint

141

193

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SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has spread and became the first pandemics of the century. SARS-CoV-2 infection is transmitted through droplets; other transmission routes have been hypothesized but never confirmed. So far, it has been unclear whether and how SARS-CoV-2 can be vertically transmitted from the mother to the fetus. We demonstrated for the first time the transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a neonate born to mother infected in the last trimester. The transmission has been confirmed by a comprehensive virological study: SARS-CoV-2 transmission caused neonatal viremia placental inflammation which has been demonstrated by histological examination and immunohistochemistry. The neonate presented with neurological manifestation, consistent with those described in adult patients.

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“…Further studies are needed to ascertain long-term outcomes and potential intrauterine vertical transmission in pregnant women infected in the rst or second trimester. This observation is even more relevant considering that the temporal and spatial expression of the main SARS-CoV-2 receptor, ACE2, has been reported to change signi cantly in maternal-fetal interface tissues in the different trimesters 21,30 . We can speculate on the possibility that ACE2 modulation could be directly linked to placenta susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As recently reported, the two known SARS-CoV-2 receptors Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Transmembrane Protease Serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are widely spread in speci c cell types of the maternal-fetal interface 21 . Therefore, the impact of the virus on placenta and the potential of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 need to be further carefully addressed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

Fenizia

Biasin

Cetin

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Pregnancy is known to increase the risk of severe illnesses in response to viral infections. Therefore, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection during gestational ages might be detrimental and the potential vertical transmission should be thoroughly studied.Herein, we investigated whether SARS-CoV-2 vertical transmission is possible and, in case, whether this results in a fetal involvement. Additionally, we analyzed the role of the antibody and the inflammatory responses in placenta and plasma from SARS-CoV-2-positive pregnant women and fetuses.31 SARS-CoV-2 pregnant women were enrolled. Real-time PCR was performed to detect the virus on maternal and newborns’ nasopharyngeal swabs, vaginal swabs, maternal and umbilical cord plasma, placenta and umbilical cord biopsies, amniotic fluids and milk. Maternal and umbilical cord plasma, and milk were tested for specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. RNA expression quantification of genes involved in the inflammatory response was performed on four selected placentas. On maternal and umbilical cord plasma of the same subjects, secreted cytokines/chemokines were quantified.SARS-CoV-2 is found in at-term placentae and in the umbilical cord blood, in the vaginal mucosa of pregnant women and in milk. Furthermore, we report the presence of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies in the umbilical cord blood of pregnant women, as well as in milk specimens. Finally, a specific inflammatory response is triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women at both systemic and placental level, and in umbilical cord blood plasma.Our data strongly support the hypothesis that in-utero vertical transmission is possible in SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women. This is essential for defining proper obstetric management of COVID-19 pregnant women, or putative indications for mode and timing of delivery.

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The SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2 expression of maternal-fetal interface and fetal organs by single cell transcriptome study

Cited by 131 publications

References 29 publications

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Possible Protective Role of Melatonin in Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Pathologies

Transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection

In-Utero Mother-to-Child SARS-CoV-2 Transmission: Viral Detection and Fetal Immune Response

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