The role of probiotics in prevention of oral diseases

Abstract

The dynamic development of knowledge in the field of probiotics was commenced at the beginning of the 20th century. Since then, many ways of their possible usage in medicine have been established. In accordance with the WHO, probiotics are live microorganisms, which if applied in adequate amounts may benefit the host. Among probiotics, fungi and bacteria are distinguished, and mechanisms of action of these organisms in the oral cavity and gut are parallel. Application in dentistry, in prophylaxis and treatment of oral diseases is still not well known. Most commonly, Lactobacillus reuteri, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium are applied. The aim of the study was to collect and systematize the latest information about probiotics and their role in pathomechanisms of dental caries, gingivitis and periodontitis, candidiasis, and malodour. Based on the analyzed literature, it can be concluded that mechanisms of cariogenic pathogen inhibition using probiotics are still not well understood. The new research trend is based on application of probiotics which can naturally displace cariogenic bacteria in the oral cavity and influence oral health in adults and children. The results of studies also confirmed the beneficial role of probiotics in reduction of the bacterial population in periodontitis and halitosis. Long-term observation and a properly designed study protocol will allow us to answer many questions concerning substitution of one strain of bacteria by another.

Purification and characterization of ribosomal proteins L27 and L30 having antimicrobial activity produced by theLactobacillus salivariusSGL 03

“…); moreover, probiotic LAB strains of nonoral origin have recently been introduced in dentistry and oral medicine (Janczarek et al . ).…”

“…These antimicrobial compounds may represent an alternative to antibiotic treatment and are also able to inhibit foodborne pathogens. LAB-derived antimicrobial molecules have been in fact utilized as oral, topical antibiotics or disinfectants (Messaoudi et al 2013); moreover, probiotic LAB strains of nonoral origin have recently been introduced in dentistry and oral medicine (Janczarek et al 2016).…”

Isolation and Identification of Potential Bacillus Probiotics from Free Ranging Yaks of Tibetan Plateau, China

“…antibiotic alternatives. To date, probiotics have been considered as the perfect alternative to antibiotics (Janczarek et al, 2016).…”

Application of Antibiotics/Antimicrobial Agents on Dental Caries

“…e study of probiotics is a novel area of study in oral medicine that aims to significantly reduce the levels of oral pathogenic microorganisms. Unfortunately, the probiotics studied to date have not permanently colonized the oral cavity [120,121]. A highly promising way to utilize probiotics will be the use of a combination of antibiotics or antimicrobial agents with probiotics to prevent or treat dental caries based on the concept that broad spectrum antibiotics or antimicrobial agents wipe out the native oral flora, after which the probiotics therapy can promote the rebuilding of a healthy oral ecology [122].…”