The Role of Military Leadership in Shaping Innovative Personnel Behaviour: The Case of the Lithuanian Armed Forces

Šimanauskienė, Viktorija; Giedraitytė, Vidmantė; Navickienė, Olga

doi:10.3390/su13169283

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 81 publications

(103 reference statements)

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“…Leadership is becoming the dominant factor in reducing the negative effects of perceived stress on personal growth (in our study, the mediation effect of unit leadership explains 38.49% of the total diminishing effects when a unit is redeployed). With this, we not only confirm previous findings on positive leadership impact on subordinates [27,28], but we also add that the impact of leadership is particularly significant when the ties between group members are weak due to redeployment (change of physical location).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…It is a common method for evaluating small group leadership [39,40]. To measure unit leadership, the six items were translated from the Salo and Siebold [41] questionnaire Given the strong emphasis on leadership in military training [26][27][28], we hypothesize that: Hypothesis 7 (H7). Unit leadership can replace a lack of cohesion in conscript groups while mediating the effect of perceived stress on personal growth.…”

Section: Procedures and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personal Growth under Stress: Mediating Effects of Unit Cohesion and Leadership during Mandatory Military Training

Bekešienė

Smaliukienė

2022

Sustainability

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This study explores the phenomena of personal growth under stress and investigates the mediating effect of leadership and four elements of group cohesion (social, task, norm, and psychological). Data were collected at the beginning and end of mandatory military training in two units (n = 184), where the first unit was redeployed (transferred from one location to another) in the middle of the training period, and the second remained in the same physical place throughout the training period. Unit leadership and cohesion were found to mitigate the negative effect of perceived stress on personal growth; however, this effect depends on the phases of group dynamics. The modeling of structural equations revealed that social cohesion is a particularly important mediator (impact 71%) in reducing the negative impact of perceived stress on personal growth in a unit without redeployment. Meanwhile, leadership is an important mitigator when a group is in formation (at the beginning of mandatory military training, leadership mediates 15–18% of effects), as well as in the unit where the bonds between group members are weak due to physical disturbance while redeploying the unit to a new location (at the end of service, the effect of leadership is 38% in the redeployed unit). We conclude that leadership can replace a lack of social cohesion in a group with weak ties between group members and reduce the negative effect of perceived stress on personal growth. This is a new insight that allows social cohesion and leadership to be seen not only as complementary factors in group dynamics, but also as substitutes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Procedures and Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personal Growth under Stress: Mediating Effects of Unit Cohesion and Leadership during Mandatory Military Training

Bekešienė

Smaliukienė

2022

Sustainability

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“…Future studies could also integrate a top‐down approach – examining the effects of managers' interpersonal goals on organizational and individual outputs – with a bottom‐up approach – analyzing how interpersonal goals of employees at lower hierarchical levels affect organizational processes and outcomes at higher levels. Future research should also investigate the effects of middle‐level managers' interpersonal goals on innovation outcomes because the behaviors of top‐level and middle‐level managers have been found to differentially influence subordinates' innovative behaviors (Šimanauskienė et al, 2021). Finally, our research was limited to French SMEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managers' compassionate goals, innovation, and firm performance: an examination of mediating processes, and boundary conditions in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises

et al. 2022

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This study aims to examine the relationships of managers' compassionate goals with innovation and performance in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). By integrating social exchange theory with social information processing theory, we hypothesize a serial mediation model in which organizational cooperation and firm innovation sequentially mediate a positive relationship between managers' compassionate goals and firm performance. However, we predict that this positive indirect effect would occur only when managers have low self‐image goals and there is a high innovation‐supportive work environment. Based on survey data from a sample of 116 SMEs in France, our results provide support for our predictions. This study contributes to the literature by disclosing the mechanisms and boundary conditions of the relationship of managers' compassionate goals with SMEs' innovation and performance. Theoretical and managerial implications of this study are discussed.

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“…All of these interactions ideally lead to high group cohesion, which is needed to carry out their military duties [2]. In principle, military activities are group-oriented [3,4]. Small-group dynamics strongly affect combat performance levels [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hair Cortisol, Perceived Stress, and the Effect of Group Dynamics: A Longitudinal Study of Young Men during Compulsory Military Training in Lithuania

Smaliukienė

Bekešienė

Mažeikienė

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Previous research shows a nonlinear dependency between hair cortisol concentrations and perceived stress levels. This may be due to stress being targeted at the individual level despite it also being a social phenomenon which is often affected by group dynamics. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the influence of perceived stress on the hair cortisol level, considering the impact of the variables of group dynamics (interpersonal, task, and norm cohesion). Information was collected on 11 groups of, in total, 112 young men in three phases of time during their compulsory military training (covering nine months in total). The classification and regression tree (C&RT) method was used to predict hair cortisol concentrations in groups. The results show that the variability of the hair cortisol level in young men groups can be explained by perceived stress only when the groups were in formation process (47.7% normalised importance in Model 1) and when the groups were working on their final tasks (37.80% normalised importance in Model 3); meanwhile, the importance of perceived stress in explaining hair cortisol concentrations is low when the group is in a routine period of a group life-span (28.9% normalised importance in Model 2). Interpersonal cohesion (normalised importance 100% in Model 1 and 80.0% in Model 3) and task cohesion (normalised importance 78.6% in Model 2) were the most important predictors in the study area. These results point to the importance of the elements of group dynamics when it comes to explaining the nature of hair cortisol as accumulated stress biomarkers in young men.

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The Role of Military Leadership in Shaping Innovative Personnel Behaviour: The Case of the Lithuanian Armed Forces

Cited by 6 publications

References 81 publications

Personal Growth under Stress: Mediating Effects of Unit Cohesion and Leadership during Mandatory Military Training

Personal Growth under Stress: Mediating Effects of Unit Cohesion and Leadership during Mandatory Military Training

Managers' compassionate goals, innovation, and firm performance: an examination of mediating processes, and boundary conditions in small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises

Hair Cortisol, Perceived Stress, and the Effect of Group Dynamics: A Longitudinal Study of Young Men during Compulsory Military Training in Lithuania

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