“…The role of nanofertilizers or nutrient nanoparticles under stresses has been investigated for crops such as rice (Kheir et al 2019), faba bean (El-Sharkawy et al 2021), and banana (Ding et al 2022). In addition to nanofertilizers, halophytic-based nanoparticles have been shown to improve crop productivity under salinity stress by improving water use efficiency and enhancing the plants' ion flux, plant photosynthesis efficiency, the production of proteins involved in oxidation-reduction reactions, detoxification of ROS, and hormonal signaling pathways (Mall et al 2021;Munir et al 2021). Integrated management using both nano-Zn, and nano-Si in addition to using straw-filled ditches The following strategies are proposed to develop sustainable approaches and solutions, separately and/or in combination, to improve productivity of crops and their nutrition under saline conditions (Ondrasek et al 2022): 1-Production of genotypes or varieties tolerant to salinity or transfer genes for salinity tolerance from halophytes through breeding and genetic approaches, 2-Management of soil, water, and crops to control and avoid the detrimental effects of salinity to crops by application of specific agro/technical/technological options such as application of modern, low pressure, localized irrigation, improved drainage and tillage, grafting onto salt -tolerant rootstocks, and seed priming, 3-Application of organic and inorganic soil amendments such as organic fertilizers (compost), ZnSO 4 , gypsum, lime, Si-enriched materials, phytohormones, nanomaterials like nanofertilizers and nano-based growth promotors, and 4-Detection and monitoring of soil salinity using remote sensing, salinity monitoring, ecological indicators, and mega-data analyses.…”