The role of growth hormone and glucocorticoid in glucose handling in vivo

Johansen, Thue; Deckert, Marja; Mandrup-Poulsen, Thomas; Malmlöf, Kjell

doi:10.1677/joe.0.1620087

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…Measurement of secreted insulin and C-peptide. The amount of secreted insulin was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as described elsewhere (26,27) using antibodies that recognize mouse and rat insulin or using a human insulin radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit (Pharmacia insulin RIA 100; Pharmacia & Upjohn Diagnostic, Peapack, NJ). Secreted mouse C-peptide was assayed using a RIA kit (Linco Research, St. Charles, MO) according to the manufacturer's instructions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artifactual Insulin Release From Differentiated Embryonic Stem Cells

Hansson¹,

Tonning

Frandsen³

et al. 2004

Diabetes

210

153

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Several recent reports claim the generation of insulinproducing cells from embryonic stem cells via the differentiation of progenitors that express nestin. Here, we investigate further the properties of these insulincontaining cells. We find that although differentiated cells contain immunoreactive insulin, they do not contain proinsulin-derived C-peptide. Furthermore, we find variable insulin release from these cells upon glucose addition, but C-peptide release is never detected. In addition, many of the insulin-immunoreactive cells are undergoing apoptosis or necrosis. We further show that cells cultured in the presence of a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, which previously was reported to facilitate the differentiation of insulin ؉ cells, are not C-peptide immunoreactive but take up fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled insulin from the culture medium. Together, these data suggest that nestin ؉ progenitor cells give rise to a population of cells that contain insulin, not as a result of biosynthesis but from the uptake of exogenous insulin. We conclude that C-peptide biosynthesis and secretion should be demonstrated to claim insulin production from embryonic stem cell progeny. Diabetes

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artifactual Insulin Release From Differentiated Embryonic Stem Cells

Hansson¹,

Tonning

Frandsen³

et al. 2004

Diabetes

210

153

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Of the islet treatment medium, 50 µl was removed after 24 h incubation for measurement of accumulated insulin. Samples were assayed for insulin using an ELISA method (49). Islets were washed in low glucose-containing KrebsRinger buffered HEPES (KRBH) (1.67 mmol/l) once and incubated for 1 h at 37°C in 500 µl of this buffer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokine- or chemically derived nitric oxide alters the expression of proteins detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in neonatal rat islets of Langerhans.

et al. 2000

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Interleukin-1␤ (IL-1␤) treatment of neonatal rat islets19 of a total of 1,600 detectable proteins in GSNOtreated islets (P < 0.01). We conclude 1) that the expression of up to 42 proteins is altered by cytokineinduced or chemically generated NO in the precise experimental conditions chosen and 2) that the majority of proteins altered by prior treatment with IL-1␤ may be the result of NO-independent IL-1␤-mediated regulation of gene expression. This study demonstrates that the combination of 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry is a powerful tool in the identification of ␤-cell proteins involved in the response to toxic mediators.

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“…Plasma insulin (PI) concentration was measured by ELISA, as previously described (22 (42) were measured in a scintillation counter. The Somogyi extraction procedure employed on the tissue samples removes both free intracellular 2-DG-P and any 2-DG incorporated in glycogen, and the value thus provides an estimate of the total RЈ g (33).…”

Section: Analytical Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual PPARα/γ activation provides enhanced improvement of insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in ZDF rats

Brand

Sturis

Gotfredsen

et al. 2003

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Improvement of insulin sensitivity and lipid and glucose metabolism by coactivation of both nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ and PPARα potentially provides beneficial effects over existing PPARγ and α preferential drugs, respectively, in treatment of type 2 diabetes. We examined the effects of the dual PPARα/γ agonist ragaglitazar on hyperglycemia and whole body insulin sensitivity in early and late diabetes stages in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and compared them with treatment with the PPARγ preferential agonist rosiglitazone. Despite normalization of hyperglycemia and Hb A1c and reduction of plasma triglycerides by both compounds in both prevention and early intervention studies, ragaglitazar treatment resulted in overall reduced circulating insulin and improved insulin sensitivity to a greater extent than after treatment with rosiglitazone. In late-intervention therapy, ragaglitazar reduced Hb A1c by 2.3% compared with 1.1% by rosiglitazone. Improvement of insulin sensitivity caused by the dual PPARα/γ agonist ragaglitazar seemed to have beneficial impact over that of the PPARγ-preferential activator rosiglitazone on glycemic control in frankly diabetic ZDF rats.

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The role of growth hormone and glucocorticoid in glucose handling in vivo

Abstract: Growth hormone (GH) can oppose the catabolic effects of glucocorticoids. However, both hormones have adverse effects on carbohydrate metabolism. Here we examined the interactive effects of GH and the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MP) on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and [ 3

Cited by 16 publications

References 35 publications

Artifactual Insulin Release From Differentiated Embryonic Stem Cells

Artifactual Insulin Release From Differentiated Embryonic Stem Cells

Cytokine- or chemically derived nitric oxide alters the expression of proteins detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in neonatal rat islets of Langerhans.

Dual PPARα/γ activation provides enhanced improvement of insulin sensitivity and glycemic control in ZDF rats

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