The Role of Government in Preventing Excess Calorie Consumption

Farley, Thomas A.

doi:10.1001/2012.jama.11623

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Quality of life and well-being may be significantly affected by obesity in individuals around the world. In addition, each year, the United States spends between $150 billion and $190 billion in obesity-related costs, or about 20% of all health care spending (25,47). As the long-term risks of obesity are discovered, those in the medical and public health communities are increasingly motivated to reduce obesity rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Children's Health

Scharf¹,

DeBoer

2016

Annu. Rev. Public Health

109

103

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Temporal trends in the epidemic of childhood obesity have been paralleled by increases in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) during childhood. Consumption has increased dramatically over the past several decades in all age ranges, with some moderation over the past 10 years. Evidence from cross-sectional, longitudinal, and interventional studies supports links between SSB consumption in childhood and unhealthy weight gain, as well as other untoward health outcomes. These data have stimulated public health efforts to curtail consumption as a means of improving childhood weight status and related health outcomes. Reducing ready access to SSBs, changing the message environment to which children are exposed, and replacing SSBs with healthier beverages have had moderate success in decreasing SSB consumption and curbing unhealthy weight gain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Children's Health

Scharf¹,

DeBoer

2016

Annu. Rev. Public Health

109

103

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“…Concerns regarding SSB consumption have gained significant attention recently, exemplified by the controversial banning of the sale of large-volume servings of sugar-containing sodas by the New York City Board of Health 30 and support for added taxes on SSBs by the American Medical Association. Two recent randomized trials helped to clarify the effect of SSB on weight gain in school-age children and adolescents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain in 2- to 5-Year-Old Children

2013

PEDIATRICS

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in school-age children and adolescents is linked to heavier weight, and decreased SSB consumption results in less weight gain. Reports regarding these associations among children aged 2 to 5 years have been mixed. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:Preschool-aged and kindergarten children drinking SSB compared with infrequent/nondrinkers had higher BMI z scores. SSB consumption is also associated with higher weight status among children aged 2 to 5 years. abstract BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Although sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been tightly linked to weight status among older children, the data regarding these relationships in children aged 2 to 5 years have been mixed. Our objective was to evaluate longitudinal and cross-sectional relationships between SSB consumption and weight status among children aged 2 to 5 years. METHODS:We assessed SSB consumption and BMI z scores among 9600 children followed in the Early Childhood Longitudinal SurveyBirth Cohort, using linear and logistic regression and adjusting for race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, mother' s BMI, and television viewing. RESULTS:Higher rates of SSB consumption were associated with higher BMI z scores among children age 4 (P , .05) and 5 (P , .001) but not yet at 2 years. Children aged 5 years who drank SSB regularly (compared with infrequent/nondrinkers) had a higher odds ratio for being obese (1.43, confidence interval 1.10-1.85, P , .01). In prospective analysis, children drinking SSB at 2 years (compared with infrequent/nondrinkers) had a greater subsequent increase in BMI z score over the ensuing 2 years (P , .05). CONCLUSIONS:Similar to what is seen among older children, children aged 2 to 5 years drinking SSB demonstrate both prospective and cross-sectional correlations with higher BMI z score. Pediatricians and parents should discourage SSB consumption to help avoid potential unhealthy weight gain in young children. From a public health standpoint, strong consideration should be made toward policy changes leading to decreases in SSB consumption among children.

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“…The reduction of one 20 ounce soda per day would decrease caloric intake by 250 calories if replaced with a zero calorie alternative. 188 Additionally, current initiatives to label dining facilities' menu items in a red, green and amber fashion should continue, however, the addition of the total calories for each item should be stressed, as a "green" labeled food item becomes a caloric liability when consumed in quantity. Conversely, the addition of too much information, such as nutritional content may be overwhelming and counterproductive.…”

Section: Prevention Of Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…222 Ultimately, there will have to be a combination of directed and voluntary efforts. 223 These efforts will have to focus on two areas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…229 Taxes are another option that has been utilized in some areas, likening it to the taxes on smoking which led to a 35% decrease in use. 230 Sodas are a particularly likely target, as they have been suggested as one of the top contributors to the obesity epidemic. 231 Wang et al suggest that a national 1 cent per ounce tax on sodas would decrease consumption by 15-25%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Obesity: A United States Strategic Imperative

Appenzeller¹

2013

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The Role of Government in Preventing Excess Calorie Consumption

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Children's Health

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Children's Health

Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Weight Gain in 2- to 5-Year-Old Children

Obesity: A United States Strategic Imperative

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