The role of exercise training on lipoprotein profiles in adolescent males

Abstract

BackgroundMajor cardiovascular disorders are being recognized earlier in life. In this study we examined the effects of swimming and soccer training on male adolescent lipid-lipoprotein profiles relative to a maturity matched control group to determine the effects of these exercises on specific cardiovascular risk and anti-risk factors.MethodsForty five adolescent males (11.81 ± 1.38 yr) including swimmers (SW), soccer players (SO), and non-athlete, physically active individuals as controls (C), participated in this study. Training groups completed 12-wk exercise programs on three non-consecutive days per week. Plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), apolipoprotein B (apoB), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured in control, pre-training, during-training, and post-training.ResultsIn response to the 12-wk training period, the SO group demonstrated a decrease in the mean LDL level compared to the SW and C (SW: 0.15%; SO: −9.51%; C: 19.59%; p < 0.001) groups. There was an increase in both the SW and SO groups vs. the control in mean HDL (SW: 5.66%; SO: 3.07%; C: −7.21%; p < 0.05) and apoA-I (SW: 3.86%; SO: 5.48%; C: −1.01%; p < 0.05). ApoB was considerably lower in the training groups vs. control (SW: −9.52%; SO: −13.87%; C: 21.09%; p < 0.05). ApoA-I/apoB ratio was significantly higher in training groups vs. control (SW: 16.74%; SO: 23.71%; C: −17.35%; p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between groups for other factors.ConclusionsThe favorable alterations in LDL, HDL, apoA-I, and apoB observed in the training groups suggest that both regular swimming or soccer exercise can potentially mitigate cardiovascular risk in adolescent males.

Effect of Six Months of Aerobic Exercise on Lipid Profile, Inflammatory Markers and Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Women

“…We also observed significant differences in the HDL, TC, and HDL/TC post-test values of the two study groups, but there was no significant difference in the LDL, TG, and ApoB values between the two groups. These results are in line with some studies (8,(15)(16)(17) and inconsistent with a few other studies (18)(19)(20). Increased LDL level is an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease, and its reduction to 60 mg/dl will reduce the incidence of coronary artery disease by 50% within two years (21).…”

“…aerobic power) (8,27). Several studies have shown that physical activity reduces the concentration of LDL, which is thought to be linked with exercise intensity (28).…”

The Common Fund Initiative and Its Implication for Advancing Exercise and Physical Activity Research in Child Health

“…In 2011 the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and NHLBI (National Heart and Blood Institute) published guidelines (1) for cholesterol and lipid screening for children (aged 9-11) and young adults (17)(18)(19)(20)(21). The guidelines were a bold step in the translation of the biologic concept of pediatric origins of adult cardiovascular disease (14) to clinical implementation and disease prevention.…”

Efeitos de exercícios físicos sobre fatores de risco cardiovascular em idosos hipertensos

“…A característica da amostra avaliada na atual investigação em relação ao perfil lipídico foi de níveis limítrofes para todas as variáveis (23) . Entretanto, é importante considerar os demais fatores associados, como envelhecimento, obesidade, diabetes, IAM prévio e tabagismo (30,31) . Geralmente, a dislipidemia não manifesta sinais ou sintomas, mas estudos comprovam que esse distúrbio apresenta forte associação com obesidade abdominal e dieta inadequada rica em alimentos gordurosos, aumentando o risco carviovascular (30,31) .…”

“…Entretanto, é importante considerar os demais fatores associados, como envelhecimento, obesidade, diabetes, IAM prévio e tabagismo (30,31) . Geralmente, a dislipidemia não manifesta sinais ou sintomas, mas estudos comprovam que esse distúrbio apresenta forte associação com obesidade abdominal e dieta inadequada rica em alimentos gordurosos, aumentando o risco carviovascular (30,31) . De acordo com entrevista realizada no início do presente estudo, 32% da amostra estava em uso de estatinas.…”