The role of Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet food groups in blood pressure in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

The role of each Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet component in blood pressure (BP) of patients with diabetes is still uncertain. The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible associations of the recommended food groups of the DASH diet eating plan with BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the present cross-sectional study, 225 patients with type 2 diabetes (age 61·1 (SD 10·4) years; diabetes duration 13·1 (SD 9·1) years; males 48·4 %; BMI 28·5 (SD 4·3) kg/m 2 ; HbA1c 7·1 (SD 1·3) %; systolic BP 136·7 (SD 20·0) mmHg; diastolic BP 78·4 (SD 11·8) mmHg) without dietary counselling during the previous 6 months had their dietary intake assessed by 3 d weighed-diet records. Patients were divided into two groups according to BP tertiles: LOW BP (first tertile) and HIGH BP (second plus third tertiles). Multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated that the daily intake of 80 g of fruits per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) (OR 0·781; 95 % CI 0·617, 0·987; P¼0·039) or 50 g of vegetables per 4184 kJ (1000 kcal) (OR 0·781; 95 % CI 0·618, 0·988; P¼ 0·040) reduced the chance of the presence of HIGH mean BP (MBP $92 mmHg) by 22 % each, adjusted for possible confounders. In conclusion, fruit and vegetables were the food groups of the DASH diet associated with reduced BP values in patients with type 2 diabetes, and their consumption might play a protective role against increased BP values.

Beneficial Effects of Korean Traditional Diets in Hypertensive and Type 2 Diabetic Patients

“…Several recent studies reported that if whole grain, legumes, vegetables, low fat dairy, and fish, which are major components of the Mediterranean style 18,[34][35][36] and dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH), were consumed abundantly, SBP and DBP were lowered, 37,38 and MS 39 and impaired glucose tolerance 40 were improved. It is possible that whole grain intake and vegetables has a strongly effective impact on decreasing abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and the incidence of MS.…”

Development of a Healthy Eating Index for patients with type 2 diabetes

“…The first cluster comprised sources of fiber, components that have been associated with glycemic control 23 , blood pressure 24 , and metabolic syndrome prevalence 25 in patients with type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, the item "carbohydrates and fiber sources" was included considering the importance of the balance between refined-grain and whole-grain intake for metabolic control in diabetes 3 .…”

Increased Protein Intake Is Associated With Uncontrolled Blood Pressure by 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

“…The use of ABPM is especially relevant considering that food consumption varies during the day, in both amount and quality. We assessed daily food consumption by an accurate dietary tool, the 3-day weighed diet record, a technique that we previously standardized in patients with type 2 diabetes [21][22][23]. Furthermore, because diet reports usually underestimate the real sodium intake [24,25], we evaluated sodium consumption by measurements of 24-hour urinary sodium, which represents more than 95% of ingested sodium [26].…”

“…In Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes the adoption of a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet induced a reduction in BP values [39]. Moreover, we recently demonstrated that fruit and vegetables are the recommended food groups of the DASH eating plan mostly associated with reduced BP in patients with type 2 diabetes [21]. Therefore, unlike the current report, no study has been designed to evaluate the role of dietary components of usual diet in the BP of patients with type 2 diabetes, especially using ABPM.…”