The Role of Cognitive Complaints in the Relationship Between Trait Anxiety, Depressive Symptoms, and Subjective Well-Being and Ill-Being in Adult Community Volunteers

Abstract

Purpose Trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, and cognitive complaints affect mental health. The mediating role of cognitive complaints has been reported recently. However, the mediating effects of cognitive complaints in the relationships between trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, and subjective well-being (SWB) and ill-being (SIB) remain unknown. Therefore, we used path analyses to investigate these mediating effects. Materials and Methods A total of 554 adult community volunteers in Japan were studied using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y), Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Cognitive Complaints in Bipolar Disorder Rating Assessment, and Subjective Well-Being Inventory. These assessment tools evaluated trait anxiety, depressive symptoms, cognitive complaints, SWB, and SIB. Path analyses were performed in this study. Results Path analyses revealed that there were significant indirect effects, via cognitive complaints, of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms on SIB. However, there were no significant indirect effects of trait anxiety and depressive symptoms on SWB. There were significant indirect effects, via depressive symptoms, of trait anxiety on cognitive complaints, SWB, and SIB. Conclusion The role of cognitive complaints may be different between SWB and SIB associated with trait anxiety and depressive symptoms. Evaluating the mediating effect of cognitive complaints may be more useful on SIB than SWB associated with trait anxiety and depressive symptoms. These findings may be useful when considering intervention targets in mental health.

Subjective cognitive impairment and presenteeism mediate the associations of rumination with subjective well-being and ill-being in Japanese adult workers from the community

“…Previous studies reported a “depressive symptoms→ SCI→ presenteeism” model of adult workers [ 14 ], and a “depressive symptoms→ SCI→ quality of life” model of the general adult population [ 13 ]. Recent study showed a “trait anxiety→ depressive symptoms→ SCI→ SIB” model of the general adult population [ 62 ]. The present study suggests a “rumination→ SCI→ presenteeism→ psychological well-being” model of adult workers.…”

Associations of Cognitive Complaints and Depressive Symptoms with Health-Related Quality of Life and Perceived Overall Health in Japanese Adult Volunteers

“…In summary, our results suggested that depressive symptoms are directly associated with HRQoL and perceived overall health, while cognitive complaints are not directly associated with HRQoL and perceived overall health. Recent research suggested that depressive symptoms are directly associated with subjective well-being and ill-being, and cognitive complaints are directly associated with subjective ill-being but not subjective well-being in Japanese adults [35]. Therefore, subjective well-being and HRQoL or perceived overall health may have similar associations with depressive symptoms and cognitive complaints in Japanese adults.…”

Explanatory model of symptoms of stress, anxiety and depression in the general population: Cross‐sectional study during the COVID‐19 pandemic

“… 2020 ; Toyoshima et al . 2021 ). Persistent cognitive biases and impaired executive functioning in anxiety mediate towards the expression of depressive symptoms (Wang et al .…”

“…This could give some insight into what longterm stress is and if its emotional impact may be an initial trigger of depression-anxiety generation (McEwen & Akil 2020). In the case of anxiety-depression, a certain causal directionality of anxiety over depression has been shown, since this could generate cognitive biases, such as overestimation and greater perception of a threat, in addition to an increase in attention towards it, and the consequent growth in negative interpretations (Knowles & Olatunji 2020); biases that mediate an increase in maladaptive safety experiences and behaviours, maintaining long-term anxiety symptoms (Groen et al 2020;Toyoshima et al 2021). Persistent cognitive biases and impaired executive functioning in anxiety mediate towards the expression of depressive symptoms (Wang et al 2019), while threat overestimation and subsequent generation and maintenance of negative emotions maintained over time, have been linked to major depression (Joormann & Michael Vanderlind 2014;Sanwald et al 2022).…”