The role of centrifuged liquid-based cytology in the evaluation of the endometrium in mares

Abstract

Endometritis is frequently encountered in brood mare practice and is one of the main causes of infertility. Several methods, including among others cytology, bacteriology and histopathology, are used for diagnosis, however, even the combined use of these methods may not produce a definitive result. The objective of this study was to make an assessment of the diagnostic efficiency of centrifuged liquid-based cytology (LBC) in comparison to the determination of: 1) the presence of polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) in the uterine epithelium and stratum compactum by histopathology; 2) the presence of PMNs by cytology and 3) the presence of uterine infection by microbiology. Fifty mares of varying age, which belonged to the Jockey Club of Turkey, were used in this study. Endometrial samples were harvested using the cytobrush (CB) and endometrial biopsy (EB) techniques for microbiological, Cytological and histopathological examinations. The comparison of liquidbased cytology (LBC) with histopathological diagnosis (HD), which is considered to be the best standard, showed that the sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), predictive value of positive test (PVP), and predictive value of negative test (PVN) of LBC were 0.5000, 0.4000, 0.7692 and 0.6087, respectively. No coherence was detected between the results of these two methods (P = 0.0166). Furthermore, it was ascertained that LBC failed in detecting degenerative and fibrotic alterations in the endometrial glands. LBC slides provide sharp images of well-dispersed cells, and enable greater diagnostic sensitivity and certainty. Thus, as the area examined is small, the identification of the target cells is relatively easy.

Panophthalmitis in a Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis Papua) From The Antarctic Peninsula: Evaluation of Microbiological and Histopathological Analysis Outcomes

“…Panophthalmitis is an in ammation of all layers of the eye, including the intraocular structures (Chen et al 2017). Reports of ocular cytology ndings are rare in the eld of veterinary medicine, except for reports related to canine, feline, and equine conjunctival cells (Barnes and Grahn 2007;Perazzi et al 2017;Bayram et al 2019;Proietto et al 2019), which are well-de ned. As a quick-resulting technique, which produces good quality preparations, exfoliative cytology can be used e ciently together with bacterial culture for the diagnosis of ocular infections.…”