The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale in New Zealand adolescents

Walker, Lyndon; Merry, Sally; Watson, Peter; Robinson, Elizabeth; Schaaf, David

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1614.2005.01534.x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The results indicated that the 4‐factor structure of the RADS‐2 presented by Reynolds (2002) with a large North American sample of adolescents demonstrated a good fit to data obtained from Korean adolescents. These results are also consistent with the previous findings by Walker et al. (2005) of 4‐factors for the RADS‐2 with a large ethnically diverse sample of adolescents in New Zealand.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The structure of RADS was based on exploratory methods that resulted in a relatively parsimonious set of factors consistent with clusters of depressive symptoms. However, previous studies by Reynolds (1986b, 2002) and other researchers (Weber 2000, Walker et al. 2005) used exploratory rather than confirmatory methods to examine the factorial validity of the RADS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The RADS has been used as a clinical measure and in applied and basic research on adolescent depression in a number of countries, including the United States of America (USA) (Reynolds 2002) and other countries (Lau & Kwok 2000, Weber 2000, Walker et al. 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale – Second Edition: initial validation of the Korean version

Hyun

Nam

Kang

et al. 2009

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale – Second Edition: initial validation of the Korean version

Hyun

Nam

Kang

et al. 2009

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…23 The scale has been validated for use in New Zealand adolescents. 24 In our study population the Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.91.…”

Section: Secondary Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 68%

The effectiveness of SPARX, a computerised self help intervention for adolescents seeking help for depression: randomised controlled non-inferiority trial

Merry

Stasiak

Shepherd

et al. 2012

BMJ

590

530

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Objective To evaluate whether a new computerised cognitive behavioural therapy intervention (SPARX, Smart, Positive, Active, Realistic, X-factor thoughts) could reduce depressive symptoms in help seeking adolescents as much or more than treatment as usual.Design Multicentre randomised controlled non-inferiority trial.Setting 24 primary healthcare sites in New Zealand (youth clinics, general practices, and school based counselling services).Participants 187 adolescents aged 12-19, seeking help for depressive symptoms, with no major risk of self harm and deemed in need of treatment by their primary healthcare clinicians: 94 were allocated to SPARX and 93 to treatment as usual.Interventions Computerised cognitive behavioural therapy (SPARX) comprising seven modules delivered over a period of between four and seven weeks, versus treatment as usual comprising primarily face to face counselling delivered by trained counsellors and clinical psychologists.Outcomes The primary outcome was the change in score on the children's depression rating scale-revised. Secondary outcomes included response and remission on the children's depression rating scale-revised, change scores on the Reynolds adolescent depression scale-second edition, the mood and feelings questionnaire, the Kazdin hopelessness scale for children, the Spence children's anxiety scale, the paediatric quality of life enjoyment and satisfaction questionnaire, and overall satisfaction with treatment ratings.Results 94 participants were allocated to SPARX (mean age 15.6 years, 62.8% female) and 93 to treatment as usual (mean age 15.6 years, 68.8% female). 170 adolescents (91%, SPARX n=85, treatment as usual n=85) were assessed after intervention and 168 (90%, SPARX n=83, treatment as usual n=85) were assessed at the three month follow-up point. Per protocol analyses (n=143) showed that SPARX was not inferior to treatment as usual. Post-intervention, there was a mean reduction of 10.32 in SPARX and 7.59 in treatment as usual in raw scores on the children's depression rating scale-revised (between group difference 2.73, 95% confidence interval −0.31 to 5.77; P=0.079). Remission rates were significantly higher in the SPARX arm (n=31, 43.7%) than in the treatment as usual arm (n=19, 26.4%) (difference 17.3%, 95% confidence interval 1.6% to 31.8%; P=0.030) and response rates did not differ significantly between the SPARX arm (66.2%, n=47) and treatment as usual arm (58.3%, n=42) (difference 7.9%, −7.9% to 24%; P=0.332). All secondary measures supported non-inferiority. Intention to treat analyses confirmed these findings. Improvements were maintained at follow-up. The frequency of adverse events classified as "possibly" or "probably" related to the intervention did not differ between groups (SPARX n=11; treatment as usual n=11).Conclusions SPARX is a potential alternative to usual care for adolescents presenting with depressive symptoms in primary care settings and could be used to address some of the unmet demand for treatment.Trial registration Australian New...

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“…Its validity and reliability has been established with New Zealand adolescents (Walker et al, 2005) Its validity and reliability has been established with New Zealand adolescents (Walker et al, 2005) …”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

MEMO: an mHealth intervention to prevent the onset of depression in adolescents: a double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial

Whittaker

Stasiak

McDowell

et al. 2017

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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The Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale in New Zealand adolescents

Abstract: On all of the tests conducted, the RADS was found to have acceptable reliability and validity for New Zealand adolescents across the major different ethnic groups, indicating that it is a valid and appropriate instrument to use with New Zealand adolescents.

Cited by 6 publications

References 14 publications

Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale – Second Edition: initial validation of the Korean version

Reynolds Adolescent Depression Scale – Second Edition: initial validation of the Korean version

The effectiveness of SPARX, a computerised self help intervention for adolescents seeking help for depression: randomised controlled non-inferiority trial

MEMO: an mHealth intervention to prevent the onset of depression in adolescents: a double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial

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