The Reticulo-Endothelial System and the Concept of the "Anti-Hormone"

The Anti-Hormone Response in Pigeons

“…However, these factors cannot explain the difference in effect since both the control and the experimental birds were housed under similar conditions of time, lighting and inactivity. These results indicate that the pigeon's response to prolonged treatment with hormone is similar to that which has been demonstrated in the mammal; and that the observations made by Schooley (see Gordon et al 1937) may have been due to the fact that his prolactin and anterior pituitary dosages exceeded the titre of antibodies in the circulation of his test animals.…”

“…However, in the published discussion following the presentation of a paper by Gordon et al (1937), Schooley stated that, in his laboratory, hypophysectomized pigeons did not become refractory to prolactin or anterior pituitary extract after prolonged treatment.…”

“…In addition to the work of Collip, many other investigators have demonstrated that prolonged treatment, of the patient or of the laboratory animal, with heterologous hormones will elicit the formation of the corresponding antihormone (Gordon, Kleinberg & Charipper, 1937 ;Leathern & Kakoff, 1947 ;Maddock, Leach, Tokuyama, Paulson and Roy, 1956;Marvin & Meyer, 1941;Spence & Witts, 1939;Thompson, 1939).…”

Cytological Changes Induced in the Hypophysis by the Prolonged Administration of Pituitary Extract

“…The evidence now available from several sources (Du Shane et al, 6 Gordon et al, 7 Rowlands and Parkes,15'16 and Twombly 32) suggests that the antihormones are antibodies which are formed in the injected animal in response to an antigen to which is linked the pituitary hormone. The antihormones are readily produced when crude pituitary extracts from a foreign species are injected into an animal, but not when these extracts are sufficiently purified or the antigenic complex is separated from the hormone (Werner,35 36 37 confirmed by Thompson, unpublished experiments).…”

Experimental investigations of the reservoir blood of the cat spleen: with special reference to haemolysis and the sedimentation reaction

“…Lauda, 1933Lauda, , 1937, presumed that the red blood corpuscles, when passing through the spleen, are prepared for haemolysis which, in a second phase, is completed in the liver. A number of writers, however, have found that the osmotic resistance of the red blood corpuscles becomes reduced when they pass through the spleen [Eppinger, 1920;Bolt & Heeres, 1922; Barcroft, 1926 a;Orahovats, 1926;Deleonardi & Paolazzi, 1936;Gordon & Kleinberg, 1937;and others]. This has been considered as a change preliminary to haemolysis [Eppinger, 1920].…”