The Relationship Between Plasma Cytokine Levels and Response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment in Children and Adolescents with Depression and/or Anxiety Disorders

Abstract

Higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β might predict nonresponse to fluoxetine treatment in children.

Marcadores inflamatórios como fatores preditivos para o efeito antidepressivo dos inibidores seletivos da recaptura de serotonina (ISRS)

“…The analysis of these manuscripts led to 12 articles that fulfilled our inclusion criteria (Figure 1). In the reviewed studies, mean age of patients ranged from 31 to 50 years old, except for one in which the sample was comprised of children and adolescents aged from 7 to 18 years old 17 . Most studies did not provide a differential analysis for women and men.…”

“…Association with responsiveness was found in three studies 17,20,21 (Table 1) and no association was found in five 19,[22][23][24][25] . Among the three studies that found association, low responsiveness to SSRI was associated with higher IL-6 baseline levels in two 17,20 and with lower IL-6 baseline levels in one study 21 (Table 1). One of the two studies that found an association of nonresponse with high IL-6 baseline levels, from Amitai et al 17 , treated 41 children and adolescents with MDD or anxious disorders for 8 weeks (see details of the study above in the IL-1β item).…”

“…Among the three studies that found association, low responsiveness to SSRI was associated with higher IL-6 baseline levels in two 17,20 and with lower IL-6 baseline levels in one study 21 (Table 1). One of the two studies that found an association of nonresponse with high IL-6 baseline levels, from Amitai et al 17 , treated 41 children and adolescents with MDD or anxious disorders for 8 weeks (see details of the study above in the IL-1β item). The other study, from Yoshimura et al 20 , included 51 MDD patients treated with SSRI (paroxetine, n=16; sertraline, n=15; fluvoxamine, n=10) or SNRI (milnacipran, n=10) for 8 weeks.…”

“…High levels of IL-1β predicted lack of response in two of two studies in which it was evaluated 17,19 . In one of the studies, Amitai et al 17 found that high baseline serum levels of IL-1β predicted non-response after 8 weeks of treatment with fluoxetine.…”

“…In one of the studies, Amitai et al 17 found that high baseline serum levels of IL-1β predicted non-response after 8 weeks of treatment with fluoxetine. Their sample included 41 children and adolescents aged between 7 and 18 years (mean of 14.1 years); 15 had a diagnosis of MDD, 17 had an anxiety disorder and 9 had both diagnoses according to the DSM-IV criteria.…”