Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Review

Miłkowska, Paulina; Popko, Katarzyna; Demkow, Urszula; Wolańczyk, Tomasz

doi:10.1007/5584_2017_32

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Extensive studies also relate stress-induced oxidative stress to neuroinflammation. It is reported earlier that a stress situation also provokes the synthesis of inflammatory cytokines [ 44 ], which may worsen the normal situation and alter the behavioral responses. The activation of inflammatory events following physical and psychological stress burden along with the environmental stress produces cytokines and other inflammatory mediators, which are involved in the development of behavioral impairment and neurodegenerative disorders [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of Mukia madrespatana Following Single Immobilization Stress on Rats

et al. 2020

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Background and Objectives: Elevated oxidative stress has been shown to play an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of stress and memory-related complications. Mukia madrespatana (M. madrespatana) has been reported to have various biological and antioxidant properties. We intended to evaluate the effect of M. madrespatana peel on single immobilization stress-induced behavioral deficits and memory changes in rats. Materials and Methods: M. madrespatana peel (2000 mg/kg/day, orally) was administered to control and immobilize stressed animals for 4 weeks. Anxiolytic, antidepressant, and memory-enhancing effects of M. madrespatana were observed in both unstressed and stressed animals. Results: Lipid peroxidation was decreased while antioxidant enzymes were increased in both unstressed and stressed animals. Acetylcholine level was increased while acetylcholinesterase activity was decreased in both M. madrespatana treated unstressed and stressed rats. There was also an improvement in memory function. Serotonin neurotransmission was also regulated in M. madrespatana treated rats following immobilization stress with anxiolytic and anti-depressive effects. Conclusion: Based on the current study, it is suggested that M. madrespatana has strong antioxidant properties and may be beneficial as dietary supplementation in stress and memory-related conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of Mukia madrespatana Following Single Immobilization Stress on Rats

et al. 2020

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“…Cytokines have pro and anti-inflammatory properties and consist of a large group of small proteins that play a significant role in cell signaling and regulate a variety of processes in organisms, including proliferation and differentiation of many cells, mediation in defense response, and regulation of hematopoiesis [30]. In this context, the use of cocaine and crack has been shown to trigger immunomodulatory effects; the TNF alpha cytokine has been associated with the activation of the serotonergic system in patients with depression, suggesting a close relationship between cytokines and serotonergic systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-30G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) Polymorphisms Modulating the Outcome Related to Mental Disorders in Crack Addicted Users

Santos¹,

Santos²,

Santos³

et al. 2022

CPEMH

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Background: Cocaine/crack use affects immune system molecules and development of mental disorders has been identified. Objective: To investigate the relationship of polymorphisms in the TNFA (-308G/A), IL-10 (-819C/T) and ENOS (-786T/C) genes with mental disorders in cocaine and crack users. Methods: A case-control study was carried out, which included 107 cocaine and crack users and 115 controls who never used healthy cocaine and crack. The SNPs in the TNFA (-308G/A), IL-10 (-819C/T) and ENOS (-786T/C) genes were genotyped by real time PCR. Results: As for the individuals included in this study, the average age of 31.4 years (± 8.59). We identified that the G/A genotype to TNFA (-308) (OR = 0.24; p = 0.03) and the A allele (OR = 0.30; p = 0.03) were associated with reduced risk for dysthymic disorder. The T allele of the IL-10 (-819) polymorphism was associated with decreased risk of developing panic disorder (OR = 0.44; p = 0.01), while the C allele was correlated with an increased risk for alcohol dependence (OR = 1.97; p = 0.04), alcohol abuse (OR = 1.81; p = 0.04) and psychotic syndrome (OR = 2.23; p = 0.01). C/C genotype was correlated with increased chances of developing current psychotic syndrome (OR = 4.23; p = 0.01). Conclusion: Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms promote susceptibility or promote protection for clinical phenotypes of psychiatric comorbidities in cocaine and crack users and be considered as good prognostic markers.

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“…As compared to inflammatory markers in adults with MDD, there is limited data with significant variation in inflammatory markers in adolescents with MDD (31,32). The small number of studies and sparse data could be one of the main reasons preventing researchers from reaching a conclusion on the role of inflammatory markers in adolescent depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Disturbances Through Inflammation in Adolescents

Reddy

Thootkur

2020

Front. Psychiatry

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Background: Although approximately 13% of adolescents suffer from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), and many adolescents have reported sleep disturbances, the relationship between sleep disturbances and MDD in adolescents is poorly understood. Thus, our objective was to study how adolescent MDD was related to sleep disturbances in a crosssectional study, and the potential role of inflammation linking adolescent MDD to sleep disturbances. Methods: Ninety-two female and male, African American and White, adolescents aged 15 to 18 years completed the study. Adolescents were diagnosed with MDD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 as confirmed by the MINI International Diagnostic Interview. The severity of depression was assessed using the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology. Sleep disturbance was measured using the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaires (PSQ). Blood sample was collected from each participant for measuring the inflammatory factors. Results: Compared with the controls (n=39), adolescents with MDD (n=53) had greater PSQ scores (0.32 ± 0.02 vs. 0.10 ± 0.02). In adolescents with MDD, PSQ scores were correlated with the severity of depressive symptoms (r=0.31, p<0.05). In addition, tumor necrosis factor-a levels were greatly elevated in the MDD group (2.4 ± 0.1 vs. 1.8 ± 0.1 pg/ml) compared with the controls. Severity of depressive symptoms was best predicted by PSQ scores, medications, and childhood experiences. Conclusions: Sleep disturbance measured by the PSQ is associated with severe depressive symptoms in adolescents, and one potential pathway may be through elevated tumor necrosis factor-a. Further research is warranted to probe a cause and effect relationship among sleep disturbances, MDD, and chronic inflammation.

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Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Review

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of Mukia madrespatana Following Single Immobilization Stress on Rats

Behavioral and Biochemical Effects of Mukia madrespatana Following Single Immobilization Stress on Rats

IL-10 (-819C/T), TNFA (-30G/A) and ENOS (-786T/C) Polymorphisms Modulating the Outcome Related to Mental Disorders in Crack Addicted Users

Association Between Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Disturbances Through Inflammation in Adolescents

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