The relationship between menopausal syndrome and gut microbes

Abstract

Background Gut microbes were closely related to women’s health. Previous studies reported that the gut microbes of premenopausal women were different from those of postmenopausal women. However, little was known about the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and menopausal syndrome (MPS). The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between MPS and gut microbes. Methods Patients with MPS (P group, n = 77) and healthy women (H group, n = 24) at menopause were recruited in this study. The stool specimen and clinical parameters (demographic data, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), et al) of participants’ were collected. We evaluated the differences in gut microbes by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We used LEfSe to identify gut microbes with varying abundances in different groups. The Spearman correlation coefficients of clinical parameters and gut microbes were calculated. PICRUSt was used to predict the potential KEGG Ortholog functional profiles of microbial communities. Results The abundance of 14 species differed substantially between the MPS and menopausal healthy women (LDA significance threshold > 2.0) according to LEfSe analysis. Using Spearman’s correlation analysis, it was discovered that E2 had a positive correlation with Aggregatibacter segnis, Bifidobacterium animalis, Acinetobacter guillouiae (p < 0.05, these three species were enriched in menopausal healthy women), while FSH and LH had a negative correlation with them (p < 0.05). KEGG level3 metabolic pathways relevant to cardiovascular disease and carbohydrate metabolism were enriched in the MPS (p < 0.05), according to functional prediction by PICRUST and analyzed by Dunn test. Conclusion There was gut microbiota dysbiosis in MPS, which is reflected in the deficiency of the abundance of Aggregatibacter segnis, Bifidobacterium animalis and Acinetobacter guillouiae related to the level of sex hormones. In MPS individuals, species with altered abundances and unique functional pathways were found.

Breast cancer but not the menopausal status is associated with small changes of the gut microbiota

“…Our results are consistent with those of Liu et al. ( 50 ), who reported deficiencies of Bifidobacterium animalis , Aggregatibacter segnis , and Acinetobacter guillouiae in women with menopausal syndrome. By contrast, Hou et al.…”

“…In our study, the abundance of Bifidobacterium was reduced in postmenopausal cases, while the abundances of the Bifidobacterium genus and Bifidobacteriaceae were higher in premenopausal cases than in the corresponding controls. Our results are consistent with those of Liu et al (50), who reported deficiencies of Bifidobacterium animalis, Aggregatibacter segnis, and Acinetobacter guillouiae in women with menopausal syndrome. By contrast, Hou et al (43) reported that the abundance of Bifidobacterium species was reduced in premenopausal, but not postmenopausal, BC patients.…”

Menopausal Changes in the Microbiome—A Review Focused on the Genitourinary Microbiome

“…Furthermore, a study that analyzed the gut microbiome of menopausal women with and without menopausal syndrome at time of menopause found that those with menopausal syndrome exhibited gut microbiome imbalance due to a deficiency of Aggregatibacter segnis , Bifidobacterium animalis , and Acinetobacter guillouiae [ 21 ]. Regarding osteoporosis, which commonly affects menopausal women, Yang et al [ 22 ] reported significant differences in the gut microbiome associated with the severity of osteoporosis.…”

Comparative analysis of goat and bovine milk proteins in the improvement of sarcopenia based on host-microbial interactions

“…The abundance of this bacterium can be increased by the intervention of GWP, GMC, and BWP. Prior studies have shown that older healthy women had a higher relative abundance of Acinetobacter guillouiae [51]. We found that it was negatively correlated with inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic mice and that goat milk casein and bovine whey protein could in fact improve its abundance.…”