The relationship between biophysical and social setting factors in the recreation opportunity spectrum

Heywood, John L.; Christensen, James E.; Stankey, George H.

doi:10.1080/01490409109513140

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These findings do not correspond to a premise of the ROS approach, which supposes that trails with unmodified natural conditions should be located in remote areas without ready access (Clark and Stankey 1979;Driver and Brown 1978; USDA Forest Service 1990). As Heywood et al (1991) previously pointed out; this study also highlights the issue on the assumption about the linearity of the relationships between ROS setting components. Especially, this study showed the aberration between primitiveness of natural environment and remoteness.…”

Section: Visitor Group and Ros Conceptmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Based on this concept, several studies have recognized ROS classes using linear models such as principal component analysis (see, for example, Yamaki et al, 2003); however, on the other hand, Heywood et al (1991) pointed out that the relationships among ROS setting components are not linear but multiple linear or non-linear. Therefore, Heywood et al (1991) suggested the need for more flexible mapping criteria than found in current ROS applications. 4…”

Section: Ros Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward the Improvement of Trail Classification in National Parks Using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Approach

Oishi

2013

Environmental Management

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Trail settings in national parks are essential management tools for improving both ecological conservation efforts and the quality of visitor experiences. This study proposes a plan for the appropriate maintenance of trails in Chubusangaku National Park, Japan, based on the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) approach. First, we distributed 452 questionnaires to determine park visitors' preferences for setting a trail (response rate = 68%). Respondents' preferences were then evaluated according to the following seven parameters: access, remoteness, naturalness, facilities and site management, social encounters, visitor impact, and visitor management. Using nonmetric multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis, the visitors were classified into seven groups. Last, we classified the actual trails according to the visitor questionnaire criteria to examine the discrepancy between visitors' preferences and actual trail settings. The actual trail classification indicated that while most developed trails were located in accessible places, primitive trails were located in remote areas. However, interestingly, two visitor groups seemed to prefer well-conserved natural environment and, simultaneously, easily accessible trails. This finding does not correspond to a premise of the ROS approach, which supposes that primitive trails should be located in remote areas without ready access. Based on this study's results, we propose that creating trails, which afford visitors the opportunity to experience well-conserved natural environment in accessible areas is a useful means to provide visitors with diverse recreation opportunities. The process of data collection and analysis in this study can be one approach to produce ROS maps for providing visitors with recreational opportunities of greater diversity and higher quality.

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Section: Visitor Group and Ros Conceptmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Ros Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward the Improvement of Trail Classification in National Parks Using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Approach

Oishi

2013

Environmental Management

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“…Yet, we know little about how the scale or size of an area influences perceptions of settings. Heywood et al (1991) note that perceptions of desired naturalness and desired level of social density may vary considerably between the setting and site levels. Although the role of scale was not addressed specifically in this study, the perceptions of setting, and measures of associations among setting dimensions, relates to a very large and diverse recreation setting.…”

Section: Conceptual and Methodological Concernsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heywood (1991) and Heywood et al (1991) tested whether camper's social and biophysical setting preferences reflected linear arrangements of these components. The results indicated the presence of multiple linear and non-linear relationships.…”

Section: Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Applied To Svalbardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Setting preferences of Arctic tourists: A study of some assumptions in the recreation opportunity spectrum framework from the Svalbard Archipelago

Kaltenborn¹

1999

Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift - Norwegian Journal of Geography

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“…Sustainable trails begin with thoughtful planning, good design, and meticulous layout. Therefore, Heywood, Christensen, & Stankey (1991) suggested the need for more flexible mapping criteria than found in current ROS applications. Many of trails suffer from lack of planning and poor design that's user created pathways, leftover routes from historic farm roads and logging activities that are not appropriate for long-term recreational use will be trace by ROS application.…”

Section: Ros Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Interpreting the Parameters of Nature-based Trail Setting in Primary Rainforest using ROS Concept

Misni¹,

Aziz²,

Sulaiman³

et al. 2017

E-BPJ

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Primary rainforest as an old heritage has become widely known because of its old natural, beautiful setting and the richest of its biodiversity. A nature-based trail is a natural path in the rainforest as a medium to explore the uniqueness of the natural beauty assets and the biodiversity of the forest. The development of the nature-based trail settings in a primary rainforest gives the impact towards visitor's experience indirectly to appreciate the biodiversity. Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) parameters will be used to interpret the effectiveness of the trail. The sustainability of natural resources becomes a major concern towards the management and conservation of the biodiversity.

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The relationship between biophysical and social setting factors in the recreation opportunity spectrum

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Toward the Improvement of Trail Classification in National Parks Using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Approach

Toward the Improvement of Trail Classification in National Parks Using the Recreation Opportunity Spectrum Approach

Setting preferences of Arctic tourists: A study of some assumptions in the recreation opportunity spectrum framework from the Svalbard Archipelago

A Review of Interpreting the Parameters of Nature-based Trail Setting in Primary Rainforest using ROS Concept

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