The relation of cephalometric features to internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a clinical syndrome with a considerable prevalence and ambiguous pathogenesis. [1][2][3][4][5] Internal derangement (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) includes several abnormal positions of the disc in the condyle and articular eminence, 6 which are all regarded as subtypes of TMD according to the Diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC/TMD), 7 and it is detected in 70% of patients with TMD. 8 To the best of our knowledge, several reasons, including physical, psychological, and gender factors, could predispose to an increased risk of ID. [9][10][11] Among the possible pathogenic factors, the relationship between ID and facial morphology is debatable due to insufficient data. As early as 1998, disc displacement was found to be related to the retruded and clockwise-rotated mandible, using lateral cephalometry and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). 12 Later, an analysis involving 63 female orthodontic patients' posterior-anterior cephalometry and MRI showed a shortened ramus and deviated mandible

Craniofacial Morphology of Temporomandibular Disorder Patients with Different Disc Positions: Stratifying Features Based on Sex and Sagittal Skeletal Pattern

“…Among the vertical relationship measurements, an insufficient posterior facial height and steeper mandibular plane angle were observed in the DD groups, in line with the previous literature [ 11 ]. The trend was more pronounced in the DDwoR group compared with the DDwR group.…”

“…Some studies have underlined the potential correlations between craniofacial morphology and different disc positions in TMD patients [ 9 , 10 ]. A retrusion and clockwise rotation of the mandible, smaller ramus height and decreased posterior facial height have been reported as remarkable morphological features in DD patients [ 11 ]. However, insufficient attention has been paid to potential confounding factors, such as age, sex, ancestry or environment, which are possible risk factors for TMDs as well as significant determinants in the formation of different craniofacial morphologies [ 12 ].…”

Is the Temporomandibular Joints’ Reciprocal Clicking Related to the Morphology and Position of the Mandible, as Well as to the Sagittal Position of Lower Incisors?—A Case-Control Study

“…Shu et al [ 17 ] conducted a systematic review, in which they concluded that especially the size (smaller ramus height, short mandible) and position (clockwise rotation, retruded position) of the mandible were strongly associated with the presence of TMJ internal derangements.…”

“…TMJ internal derangements have been found to be associated with some changes in the morphology of the mandible, including retruded position of the mandible, decreased ramus height and clockwise rotation of the mandible (on the sagittal plane) [ 17 ].…”

Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry

“…Shu et al 347 sought information on the relationship between cephalometric features and internal derangements (IDs) of the TMJs. A systematic review was designed, and PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for cephalometric studies comparing the craniofacial morphology between women with TMJ-ID and controls.…”