Craniofacial Morphology of Temporomandibular Disorder Patients with Different Disc Positions: Stratifying Features Based on Sex and Sagittal Skeletal Pattern

Abstract

Disc displacement (DD) appears in the majority of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients. The correlation between craniofacial morphology and different disc positions has been underlined, while the craniofacial morphological differences based on sex and sagittal skeletal pattern stratification have been insufficiently studied. In this study, 304 patients with TMD complaints were included and classified into normal position, disc displacement with reduction (DDwR) and disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR) groups according to magnetic resonance imaging. A total of 24 cephalometric measurements, covering the cranial base, vertical relationship, sagittal relationship, mandible position and morphology, and dental relationship, were assessed using lateral cephalograms. A stratified analysis was performed based on the sex and sagittal skeletal pattern. Overall, DD patients had distinctive craniofacial morphological features. The posterior cranial base length and mandibular arc angle were statistically different only in females, while the Y-axis angle, occlusal plane angle and sella nasion point A angle (SNA) might be unique features in males. Skeletal class II had the most statistically different measurements compared to the others. Differences in the Frankfort mandibular incisor angle (FMIA) and saddle angle were especially displayed in skeletal class III patients. The sex and skeletal sagittal pattern could affect the morphological differences in TMD patients with different disc positions.

The effectiveness of laserpuncture associated with vitamin B12 in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain

“…study. These data are also in agreement with other authors who confirmed the age range of diagnosis of RDC/TMD and that the prevalence of TMD in women is higher, due to hormonal factors, arch size, use of prostheses and socioeconomic conditions (Mesquita, et al, 2022;Bueno, et al, 2018;Ye, et al, 2023;Ferreira, et al, 2016;Bonini, et al, 2014;Janal, et al, 2008). Research, Society and Development, v. 12, n. 5, e17812541593, 2023 (CC BY 4.0) Source: Authors (2023).…”

Exploring the effect of disc displacement on the risk and severity of condylar erosion in adult temporomandibular disorder patients: A CBCT and MRI study

“…Individuals with TMDs may exhibit different disc positions, leading to changes in craniofacial morphologies and potential effects on mandibular growth and dentofacial structure. 25,26 At the same time, condylar shape alteration resulting from CE can also contribute to maxillofacial developmental deformities. 22 Despite this, the impact of specific DD types on the severity of CE, as well as the potential effects of DD on craniofacial morphology, remains unclear.…”

“…Previous studies have investigated the relationship between DD and DJD, 23,24 but there is limited research exists on how DD type affects the severity of CE. Individuals with TMDs may exhibit different disc positions, leading to changes in craniofacial morphologies and potential effects on mandibular growth and dentofacial structure 25,26 . At the same time, condylar shape alteration resulting from CE can also contribute to maxillofacial developmental deformities 22 .…”