Is the Temporomandibular Joints’ Reciprocal Clicking Related to the Morphology and Position of the Mandible, as Well as to the Sagittal Position of Lower Incisors?—A Case-Control Study

Abstract

The number of patients diagnosed with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) internal derangements, who are seeking orthodontic treatment, is increasing. The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between the presence of TMJ reciprocal clicking and the morphology and position of the mandible, and position of lower incisors, examined on the lateral cephalograms. Fifty patients diagnosed with reciprocal clicking in at least one of the TMJs and 55 patients with no symptoms of TMJ dysfunction were included in the study. Cephalometric analysis was used for the assessment of: skeletal class, sagittal and vertical position of the mandible, angle of the mandible, inclination of the mandibular ramus and the mandibular corpus, as well as for the assessment of the position of the mandibular incisors. The statistical significance level was set at p = 0.05. There were no statistically significant differences between the examined groups regarding the sagittal and vertical position of the mandible, as well as regarding the sagittal position of the mandibular incisors. Presence of TMJ reciprocal clicking is not associated with the position and the morphology of the mandible, as well as with the sagittal position of the mandibular incisors. Patients with early stages of TMJ internal derangements do not present any significant changes in Cephalometrics. Patients diagnosed with TMJ internal derangements before orthodontic treatment require an interdisciplinary approach to the treatment, including physiotherapy.

Development of a new category system for the profile morphology of temporomandibular disorders patients based on cephalograms using cluster analysis

“…With years of practical application, the current dominant two-axis approach was not enough in clinical application and Enriqueta C. Bond noted that a broader exploration to the painful TMD beyond the two axes was necessary in future research ( 13 ). Lateral cephalometric radiograph, recognized as the most commonly used examination during orthodontal treatment ( 28 ), has been already widely applied to explore the associations between TMD and craniofacial morphology ( 15 , 29 , 30 ). Although the specific craniofacial features of the TMD patients were observed in many studies through cephalometric analysis, the features could not reflect the whole morphology and were difficult for clinical application.…”

Craniovertebral and Craniomandibular Changes in Patients with Temporomandibular Joint Disorders after Physiotherapy Combined with Occlusal Splint Therapy: A Prospective Case Control Study

“…Table 1 presents reference points, lines, and angles used in cephalometric analysis to assess the changes in cervicofacial skeleton after occlusal splint therapy combined with physiotherapy in patients diagnosed with TMD [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Position of the Hyoid Bone and Dimension of Nasopharynx and Oropharynx after Occlusal Splint Therapy and Physiotherapy in Patients Diagnosed with Temporomandibular Disorders

“…Table 1 presents the reference points, lines, and angles used in the cephalometric analysis to assess the position of the hyoid bone and the width of the nasopharynx and oropharynx after occlusal splint therapy combined with physiotherapy in patients diagnosed with TMD [ 14 , 15 ].…”