The Regional Returns of Public Investment Policies in Mexico

Rodríguez-Oreggia, Eduardo; Rodríguez‐Pose, Andrés

doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.05.002

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is found that the contribution of public investments is significant in the priority provinces, but not significant in the non-priority provinces. One explanation is that public investments in the developed non-priority provinces may be in health and education rather than infrastructure, and therefore their effect may not be observed immediately (see Rodriguez-Oreggia and Rodriguez-Pose, 2004, for similar findings in the developed regions of Mexico).…”

Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Connection, Bank Credits and Growth: Evidence from Turkey

Önder

Ozyildirim

2011

World Economy

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The pervasive existence of government‐owned banks in emerging economies is often justified by their provision of access to credit in remote and underdeveloped regions that are ignored by private banks. This paper analyses whether credits provided by government‐owned and private banks have a significant role in regional growth and whether this role changes in politically connected areas in Turkey. Our findings imply that private banks significantly improve the economic well‐being in all Turkish provinces regardless of their development level or their political connection with the ruling party. However, credits by government‐owned banks are found to be positively related to the per capita growth rate only in the less developed provinces that are advocates of the ruling political party and also developed but not politically connected provinces. These results suggest that government‐owned bank credits, as implied by the political view, are used for funding politically desirable projects or politically connected borrowers.

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Section: Notesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political Connection, Bank Credits and Growth: Evidence from Turkey

Önder

Ozyildirim

2011

World Economy

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“…Agrarian policies shifted in the period 1988-1994 to trade liberalization of agricultural products, reduction of credit, promotion of private enterprise in the agricultural sector, and scaling down of public institutions (including agricultural credit, extension, insurance, inputs, transport, storage and marketing). As part of the neo-liberal reforms, in 1991 Article 27 of the Mexican constitution was revised to permit privatization of communal owned land, aiming to stimulate private investment in rural areas (Kay 1995;Lachler and Aschauer 1998;Rodriguez and Rodríguez 2004;Vargas-Hernández 2005;Eakin 2005). As a consequence of these changes, small farmers are adapting and changing towards livelihood strategies outside the agricultural sector, as exemplified by the rise in international migration (Emanuel and Greenberg 2000;Eakin 2005;).…”

Section: Home Gardens: Challenges and Constraintsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home Gardens Sustain Crop Diversity and Improve Farm Resilience in Candelaria Loxicha, Oaxaca, Mexico

2008

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Home gardens are land use units embedded in a larger land use system, in this case in Candelaria Loxicha, Oaxaca, Mexico. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, we investigated how home gardens are integrated into local farming practices and how these influence biodiversity. Our findings suggest that home gardens harbour high levels of biodiversity, which are maintained and enriched by farmers' practices, particularly plant and seed exchange. Plant diversity is higher in younger home gardens and in home gardens where owners actively exchange plant material with other people. Through plant exchange, seed storage, and the dispersion of seeds and plants in different land uses, farmers encourage plant diversity and consequently increase the resilience of their farming system in changing climatic, demographic and economic conditions. Both men and women participate in the establishment, care and management of home gardens, but they are responsible for different plants and home garden functions. For economic reasons, the inhabitants of Candelaria Loxicha are increasingly engaging in international migration. Migrants, upon their return bring new ideas and plants that might transform the rural landscape.

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“…While this centralization of tax collection authority could ostensibly enable transfers across territories and people, states were guaranteed resources similar to their historical tax collection, and the allocation formulas predominantly weighted population and economic activity in the states. This meant that although fiscal transfers increased during the 1980s, transfers were not progressive (Rodríguez-Oreggia and Rodríguez-Pose 2004).…”

Section: Legislative Barriers To Redistributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers to Egalitarianism: Distributive Tensions in Latin American Federations

Beramendi

Rogers

Díaz-Cayeros

2022

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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Latin America's largest federations have significantly reduced their levels of income inequality in recent years, perhaps reflecting a structural change toward egalitarianism. However, we argue that the political geography of federalism in Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico strongly shapes preferences against centralized redistribution likely to promote equity in the long term. While federalism does not necessary lead to lower redistribution in theory, the geographic spread of income and malapportioned political institutions limit egalitarianism in these nations. These dynamics help explain why fiscal structures are distinct in Latin American federations as compared to federations in high-income countries. First, we show that the territorial structure of inequality and malapportionment are associated with lower redistributive effort in the global context and that the Latin American federations have extreme values for both variables. Second, using a new data set of income distributions within and across Argentina, Brazil, and Mexico over time, we demonstrate that the conditions that favor fiscal transfers from the national to subnational governments are consistently strong, but conditions are rarely favorable for centralized policies to equilibrate national income. Unequal income patterns are reinforced by legislative malapportionment, which encourages interregional transfers to regions and limits the political voice of more populated and unequal regions that would benefit from centralized redistribution.Las federaciones más grandes de América Latina han reducido significativamente sus niveles de desigualdad de ingresos en los últimos años, lo que quizás refleja un cambio estructural hacia el igualitarismo. Sin embargo, este estudio argumenta que la geografía política del federalismo en Argentina, Brasil y México moldea fuertemente las preferencias en contra de la redistribución centralizada que promueve la equidad a largo plazo. Aunque, en teoría, el federalismo no necesariamente reduce la redistribución, la distribución geográfica de los ingresos y la representación desproporcionada de las instituciones políticas limitan el igualitarismo en eses países. Estas dinámicas ayudan a explicar las estructuras fiscales son distintas en las federaciones de América Latina en comparación con las federaciones de países desarrollados. Primero, se muestra que una estructura territorial de desigualdad y la inadecuada distribución política están asociadas con un menor esfuerzo redistributivo en un contexto global y que las federaciones de América Latina tienen valores extremos de ambas variables. Segundo, utilizando una nueva base de datos sobre la distribución dentro y a través de las regiones de Argentina, Brasil y México a lo largo del tiempo, se demuestra que las condiciones que favorecen las transferencias fiscales desde el nivel nacional a los gobiernos subnacionales son consistentemente propicias, pero las condiciones son raramente favorables para que las políticas centralizadas equilibren los ingresos nacionales. Patrones d...

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The Regional Returns of Public Investment Policies in Mexico

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

Political Connection, Bank Credits and Growth: Evidence from Turkey

Political Connection, Bank Credits and Growth: Evidence from Turkey

Home Gardens Sustain Crop Diversity and Improve Farm Resilience in Candelaria Loxicha, Oaxaca, Mexico

Barriers to Egalitarianism: Distributive Tensions in Latin American Federations

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