The regenerative effect of platelet-rich plasma on healing in large osteochondral defects

Abstract

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), a platelet concentrate made of autogenous blood, has been used to improve bone and soft tissue defect healing in recent years. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of PRP on articular cartilage defects in a rabbit model. Forty-eight osteochondral defects created in the femoropatellar groove were (a) left untreated, (b) treated with autogenous PRP in a polylactic-glycolic acid (PLGA), or (c) with PLGA alone. Platelets were enriched 5.12-fold compared to normal blood in the PRP. After four and 12 weeks, the explanted tissue specimens were assessed by macroscopic examination, micro-computed tomography, and histological evaluation. Macroscopic examination, micro-computed tomography and histology of the newly formed cartilage and bone in the defect differ significantly between the PRPtreated and the untreated groups, and stimulatory effect of PRP on osteochondral formation was observed. In conclusion, PRP in PLGA improves osteochondral healing in a rabbit model.

The effect of platelet-rich plasma on osteochondral defects treated with mosaicplasty

“…Some of those studies concluded that PRP improved the histology of the cartilage repair [19,23,24,36,37], and a few reports stated that it worsened the histological scores [38,39]. Sun et al applied PRP in a rabbit model and reported that PRP has an effect on resurfacing cartilage defects and restoring the subchondral bone [19]. Saito et al used PRP to demonstrate its preventive effect on osteoarthritis [23].…”

“…To date, no previous studies that applied PRP to chondral defects [19,23,24] combined the mosaicplasty technique with PRP to assess the histological results in an animal model. Therefore, there was no information available regarding the effectiveness of PRP in this clinical condition.…”

“…While the homologous PRP was being prepared, both knees of the animals were incised under sterile conditions through a medial parapatellar incision, and 4-mm defects were created in the femoral groove of both patellofemoral joints, as described by Sun et al [19]. Standard defects were created at a depth of 4 mm and a diameter of 4 mm with a standard disposable osteochondral autograft transport system (DePuy, Warsaw, IN), and the rest of the process was performed as suggested by Nam et al [20].…”

Arcabouço de PRP-gel associado a células tronco mesenquimais: uso em lesões condrais em modelo experimental equino

“…O tempo de permanência desse arcabouço de PRP, formado pelo gel de fibrina, é variável segundo a literatura, podendo durar de 7 a 15 dias (Yamada 2011, Xie et al 2014. Ainda, o arcabouço de PRP possui vantagens como: a fácil obtenção, simples aplicação e pouco custo de produção (Yamada et al 2012), favorecendo o retorno biomecânico da articulação comprometida e reduzindo a dor (Kon et al 2010, Sun et al 2010, Yamada 2011, Milano et al 2010, Xie et al 2012, Lee et al 2013.…”

Evaluation of intra-articular injection of autologous platelet lysate (PL) in horses with osteoarthritis of the distal interphalangeal joint

“…Although the existence of growth factors has been well known since many years, the application of platelet-derived therapies in musculoskeletal injuries and especially osteoarthritis, in both human and veterinary medicine, has been popularized the last decades (Carmona et al 2007;S anchez et al 2008;Kon et al 2010;Nguyen et al 2011;Textor 2011). Growth factors released mainly from platelet a-granules are a group of biologically active polypeptides with anabolic and anticatabolic effects that may regulate neo-chondrogenesis, as well as chondrocyte metabolism and differentiation, potentially improving cartilage repair (Van Den Berg et al 2001;Sun et al 2010;Fortier et al 2011;Xie et al 2014). In addition, Anitua et al (2007) found that platelet-released growth factors enhanced hyaluronic acid secretion and might be useful in joint homeostasis.…”