The refractive index of silica glass and its dependence on pressure, temperature, and the wavelength of the incident light

Tan, C.Z.; Arndt, Jörg

doi:10.1016/b978-012513909-0/50013-1

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Therefore, ideally, the Lorentz-Lorenz relation should be used to determine the quartz refractive index from its calculated temperature and density, however this requires knowledge of the mean polarizability of the liner material with respect to temperature which, unfortunately, is unavailable from the manufacturer. Previous studies show that fused silica exhibits a linearly evolving refractive index with respect to density at similar conditions to the current study [32,33] giving confidence that a linear relationship is appropriate here. Furthering this idea, the density of the liner material changes by less than 0.03% from room temperature in the current study.…”

supporting

confidence: 84%

Temperature reconstruction of an axisymmetric enclosed reactive flow using simultaneous background oriented schlieren and infrared thermography

Wahls¹,

Ekkad²

2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The temperature distribution of a premixed methane air flame running at a Reynolds number of 1300 on a circular burner, 12.7mm diameter, enclosed in a fused silica cylindrical liner has been experimentally reconstructed using a non-invasive approach combining Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS) and Infrared (IR) thermography. BOS is used to characterize both the air ambient to the system, using an existing technique called 3D ray tracing, and the reactive flow inside the enclosure, with a novel modified version of 3D ray tracing. IR thermography is used to characterize the thermal/optical characteristics of the quartz glass enclosure itself since the information is required as BOS is a line of sight imaging technique. Out of necessity, an approximated species independent relationship is used to calculate flow temperature from refractive index. A simulation is used to show this error is in the range of 5.8%-7%. Additionally, it is found that drastically simplifying the approach by removing the IR thermography system entirely and using the near outer wall air temperature from BOS/3D ray tracing to characterize the internal temperature of the quartz liner itself only causes a 1.5%-3.8% degradation in the accuracy of the reconstructed temperature field. The technique as presented is a relatively inexpensive, experimentally simple approach capable of determining the steady state temperature characteristics of optically accessible axisymmetric reactive flows.

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supporting

confidence: 84%

Temperature reconstruction of an axisymmetric enclosed reactive flow using simultaneous background oriented schlieren and infrared thermography

Wahls¹,

Ekkad²

2022

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…In the case of fused silica, it has been suggested that microstructural effects in the material lead to changes in polarization that render a positive value for dn/dt. 70 One can posit a similar net polarization dominated effect for polycrystalline ZnS and for the anisotropic single crystalline sapphire, both of which have small positive dn/dt values.…”

Section: Physical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 93%

A history of semi-active laser dome and window materials

Sullivan

2015

Window and Dome Technologies and Materials XIV

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Semi-Active Laser (SAL) guidance systems were developed starting in the mid-1960's and today form an important class of precision guided weapons. The laser wavelengths generally fall in the short wave infrared region of the spectrum. Relative to passive, image based, infrared seekers the optical demands placed on the domes or windows of SAL seekers is very modest, allowing the use of low cost, easily manufactured materials, such as polycarbonate. This paper will examine the transition of SAL window and dome science and technology from the laboratory to battlefield, with special emphasis on the story of polycarbonate domes.

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“…1 The Sellemeier model is likely the most familiar, and a one oscillator version of this model exists as well. 29 Second is the Drude, 5 Newton-Drude, 30 or Drude-Voigt 31, 32 model, and third is the Wemple-DiDomenico 33 (WD) model. These three single oscillator models are essentially different parameterizations of the same function.…”

Section: Frequency Dispersive Optical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for prediction of refractive index in glasses for the infrared

McCloy

2011

SPIE Proceedings

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It is often useful to obtain custom glasses that meet particular requirements of refractive index and dispersion for highend optical design and applications. In the case of infrared glasses, limited experimental data are available due to difficulties in processing of these glasses and also measuring refractive indices accurately. This paper proposes methods to estimate refractive index and dispersion as a function of composition for selected infrared-transmitting glasses. Methods for refractive index determination are reviewed and evaluated, including Gladstone-Dale, WempleDiDomenico single oscillator, Optical basicity, and Lorentz-Lorenz total polarizability. Various estimates for a set of PbO-Bi 2 O 3 -Ga 2 O 3 (heavy metal oxide) and As-S (chalcogenide) glasses will be compared with measured values of index and dispersion.

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The refractive index of silica glass and its dependence on pressure, temperature, and the wavelength of the incident light

Cited by 11 publications

References 89 publications

Temperature reconstruction of an axisymmetric enclosed reactive flow using simultaneous background oriented schlieren and infrared thermography

Temperature reconstruction of an axisymmetric enclosed reactive flow using simultaneous background oriented schlieren and infrared thermography

A history of semi-active laser dome and window materials

Methods for prediction of refractive index in glasses for the infrared

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