The Rating Assessment of Food Security of the Southern Federal District Regions

Abstract

The article proposes the methodological tool and comprehensive indicator for assessing the food security of the regions. The index of food security is determined on the basis of the systematic groups of indicators. In the distribution of food products, the following indicators are analyzed: the indexes of food prices, the magnitude of the change in real incomes of the population, the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum. Among the indicators in the distribution of food products the volume of food consumption in accordance with rational consumption rates, the share of food expenditure in the structure of household consumption expenditures are considered. In the field of production the indexes of production of various types of agricultural products in the region are considered. The ranking of the Southern Federal District (SFD) regions by selected groups of indicators made it possible to determine the leaders in food security among the regions. In 2017, Krasnodar Krai, the Republic of Adygea and Rostov Region were among these regions. On the basis of the analysis performed, the authors established risks and threats in food supply of the SFD regions: imbalance of the consumer ration; decrease in real incomes and purchasing power of population; a high proportion of the population with incomes below the subsistence minimum in the region. The practical significance of the proposed approach lies in the possibility of justifying the choice of priority measures to optimize agrarian policy, taking into account the need to maintain an acceptable level of food provision in the regions of Russia.

Indicators of Food Security in the System of Socio-Economic Diagnostics of the Region

“…Thus, the region does not cover its needs for these goods at the expense of its own production. The total self-sufficiency ratio for the Volgograd region was 1.4 in 2016, which corresponds to the optimal level (C s > 0.9), it can be estimated for the region in 2 points [1].…”

“…In general, the value of the poverty rate for the Volgograd region in 2016 was 0.15, which corresponds to the optimal level (C p ≤ 0.2) and can be estimated at 2 points [1].…”

“…In general, based on the calculated coefficients of actual consumption of food products, it was revealed that this indicator in 2016 was 1.13 for the Volgograd Region. This corresponds to the optimal level (C fc > 0.95) and can be estimated for the region in 2 points [1].…”

“…According to some scientists, an acceptable standard of living of the population will be in the case when the cost of buying food is less than 30% of consumer income [4]. On the whole, the share of food expenditures ranged from 25 to 50% (C c = 0.31), which corresponded to the allowable level (the optimal level is less than 25%) and can be estimated for the Volgograd region at 1 point [1].…”

“…To assess the food security of the Volgograd region, we apply the methodology [1], which involves the analysis of the following indicators: 1) the level of food independence (self-sufficiency) of the region;…”