The Protective Effect of Naringin against Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Wistar Rats

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to investigate the protective effect of naringin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. Twenty-four Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups (control, bleomycin alone, bleomycin + naringin 40, and bleomycin + naringin 80) were used. Rats were administered a single dose of bleomycin (5 mg/kg; via the tracheal cannula) alone or followed by either naringin 40 mg/kg (orally) or naringin 80 mg/kg (orally) or water (1 mL, orally) for 14 days. Rats and lung tissue were weighed to determine the lung index. TNF-α and IL-1β levels, hydroxyproline content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were assayed. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and 0.1% toluidine blue. TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA levels and hydroxyproline content significantly increased (p < 0.01) and GPx and SOD activities significantly decreased in bleomycin group (p < 0.01). Naringin at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight significantly decreased TNF-α and IL-1β activity, hydroxyproline content, and MDA level (p < 0.01) and increased GPx and SOD activities (p < 0.05). Histological evidence supported the results. These results show that naringin has the potential of reducing the toxic effects of bleomycin and may provide supportive therapy for conventional treatment methods for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Treatment of Mice with Naringin Alleviates the Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Liver of Swiss Albino Mice

“…32,[63][64][65] Naringin has also been reported to protect against iron and bleomycin-induced lipid peroxidation in earlier studies. 40,41,43 Similarly L-glutamine has been also reported to protect against the DPX-induced lipid peroxidation. 61 The exact mechanism by which naringin attenuated the DOXinduced oxidative stress is not clearly understood.…”

“…32,[63][64][65] Similarly, naringin also suppressed the belomycin-induced decline in the SOD activity. 43 Phytic acid and wheat germ oil have been found to arrest the doxorubicin-induced decline SOD activity in rat liver, kidney and spleen. 69 The lipids are integral part of membranes and they are the primary targets of ROS leading to the formation of lipid peroxides.…”

“…35,38,39 It has been found to be anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antifibortic, antiosteoporotic, antidyslipidemic and protected against lipodystrophy and iron induced toxicity. [40][41][42][43][44] Naringin may also have protective effects on cognition and oxidative damage. 45 Naringin reduced cell viability and cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at the G1 phase in 5637 cells and inhibited cyclin D1/CDK4 and cyclin E-CDK2 complexes by the increased expression of p21WAF1 and activation of Ras/Raf/ERK.…”

The Citrus Flavanone Naringin Enhances Antioxidant Status in the Albino Rat Liver Treated with Doxorubicin

“…Earlier naringin has been reported to increase the SOD activity in the heart and liver of mice and rats treated with DOX [18,47,48]. It has been found to increase SOD activity in the bleomycin treated rat lung [57]. The extract of Aegle marmelos has also been found to protect against the DOX-induced reduction in the SOD activity [19].…”

“…It has been reported to alleviate DOX induced lipid peroxidation in mice and rat liver and heart [47,48]. Likewise, naringin has been found to reduce bleomycin-induced lipid peroxidation in rat lung [57]. The L-glutamine has been also reported to protect against the DOX-induced lipid peroxidation in rat heart [46].…”