The productivity of cultivars of spring durum wheat in the Chuvash republic

Andreeva

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

et al. 2022

The paper states that the research carried out during 2020-2021 revealed the optimal dose of sapropel application for agricultural crops in light grey forest soils, i.e., 30 t/ha. The combined use of sapropel and azofoska took the maximum direct effect and aftereffect in the variant (sapropel at a dose of 15 t/ha and azofoska at a dose of 200 kg/ha). The authors showed a positive role of sapropel not only as a source of plant nutrition elements but also as a stimulator of plant growth and development. The separate application of sapropel not only stimulates the development of cultivated plants but also increases the concentration of nutrients in the soil. However, it is insufficient to obtain high yields. The addition of azophoska to sapropel eliminates the lack of plant nutrients in the soil, as a result of which the maximum yield of agricultural crops is achieved. The use of fertilizers had a positive effect on the main indicators of soil fertility such as the content of organic matter, nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium in pH values of exchangeable acidity.

Section: Materials and Research Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct effect and aftereffect of sapropel on agricultural crops yield and agrochemical properties of light grey forest soil

Andreeva

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

et al. 2022

Zernovoe hozâjstvo Rossii

The effect of seed sowing rates on spring durum wheat productivity

Lozhkin,

Dmitriev,

Malchikov

2024

The purpose of the current study was to establish the effect of sowing rates of spring durum wheat on its productivity. There has been established that reducing seed sowing rates from 7 to 3 million germinated seeds per 1 ha allows reducing spring durum wheat vegetation period by 6–7 days. There has been identified maximum density of productive stems of the two varieties at a seeding rate of 6 and 7 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. The highest productive tillering capacity for two spring durum wheat varieties was obtained at the variant with a norm of 5 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. Thus, according to the experimental variants, the average plant height of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ was 70.6 cm in the control variant and 81.8 cm at a sowing rate of 5 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. The variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya’ has produced the tallest plants of 79.5 cm, with a seeding rate of 4 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. There has been established that the length of a head also increases with a seeding rate decrease; for example, in the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’, the maximum indicators of the main head were formed at a seeding rate of 5 million germinated seeds per 1 ha, where the maximum length of the main head was 6.7 cm, the number of grains was 27.5 pieces with a weight of 1.47 g. For the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya’, the maximum head length was 5.6 cm, and the number of grains was 24 pieces at a rate of 4 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. The fullest grain of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ with 53.4 g of ‘1000-grain weight’ was formed at a seeding rate of 5 million germinated seeds per 1 ha; the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya’ was 50.4g with a norm of 6 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. The maximum productivity of the variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Niva’ was 3.54 t/ha with a seeding rate of 5 million germinated seeds per 1 ha. The variety ‘Bezenchukskaya Zolotistaya’ formed a yield of 3.23 t/ha with a seeding rate of 6 million germinated seeds per 1 ha.

Features of the formation of yield and quality of durum spring wheat in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic

Lozhkin,

Vasiliev,

Dimitriev

et al. 2024

Agrarnaâ nauka

Relevance. The main areas of durum wheat cultivation are located in the regions of the Lower and Middle Volga region, the southern Urals and the southern regions of Siberia. The Chuvash Republic is not a traditional region for the cultivation of spring durum wheat. The development of varietal technologies that take into account the adaptive potential of the crop, taking into account the soil and climatic conditions of the region, is especially relevant for expanding the area of cultivation of this crop.Methods. To conduct research in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic, a single-factor experiment was carried out in six repetitions with five varieties of spring durum wheat: Bezenchukskaya 139, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya, Luch 25, Kargala 223, Annushka. Records and observations were carried out according to the methods of state variety testing.Results. The highest tillering indicators were noted in the standard variety, where the indicators of general and productive tillering were 1.8 and 1.7, respectively, and in the Luch 25 variety — 1.9 and 1.6 respectively. The largest number of productive stems for harvesting was formed by varieties of the Bezenchuk selection, the lowest indicator — 458 pcs. per 1 sq. m was shown by the Kargal variety 223. The best indicators of the yield structure on average for two years should be noted in the varieties Bezenchukskaya 139 and Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya. The lowest indicators on the structure of the crop are noted in the varieties Kargala 223 and Annushka. The most full-weight grain on average for two years was formed by the varieties Luch 25, where the mass of 1000 grains was 42.9 g, Annushka — 42.4 g, Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya — 40.9 g. The highest yield was provided by the varieties Bezenchukskaya (139–3.41 t/ha) and Bezenchukskaya zolotistaya (3.19 t/ha).