In recent years, in the conditions of economic sanctions and food embargo in Russia, the issue of import substitution has become acute. These phenomena are directly related to agricultural products and, in particular, to the production of hops. Currently, about 90% of commercial hops are imported to the Russian market from abroad. Current trends in the improvement of modern hop-growing technology require the introduction of high-tech innovations into the cultivation process. Its productivity and product quality depend on timely and proper technological operations in the production of hops. Given the increasing prices of energy, it is necessary to introduce improved low-cost technologies in the production of hops. The most important aspect at the present stage is the mechanization of such a process as hanging supports using mobile towers. The use of these towers can increase productivity in this operation in 5-6 times compared to manual labor. The tower must contain a horizontal frame with a trailed device, a working platform, hydraulic cylinders for its lifting, a system of guide rings for support beams. A small ladder should be provided for lifting workers to the site. As a result of the design, the optimal parameters of the scissor-type perspective tower were determined, providing the required stability, both static and dynamic.
In the conditions of the middle zone of the Russian Federation, incl. the Chuvash Republic, it is possible to cultivate early, mid-early and mid-season hop varieties: Tsivil'skii, Druzhnyi; Sumer', Krylatskii, Podvyaznyi, Mikhailovskii, Favorit, Flagman, Feodal, Forvard and Fakir with a growing season of 95-120 days, with a certain ratio of bitter substances and essential oils, with the appropriate cultivation technology. On the newly restored plantations, the location of the pillar rows - 10 m, for the use of general purpose tractors, it is recommended to hold the tab of hops with 3.3 m spacing between rows, and 1.1 m in the rows between the plants. The use of autumn pruning of the main rhizomes of hops accelerates the emergence of sprouts and reduces the duration of the phases of growth and development in the spring time. The use of new technologies and innovative techniques allow reducing the cost of 123 person days in comparison with the traditional technology.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.