The production of multispecific octoploids from Fragaria species and the cultivated strawberry

Evans, W. D.

doi:10.1007/bf00039230

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…has been limited due to sexual incompatibility of species differing in ploidy level (Sangiacomo and Sullivan 1994;Scott and Lawrence 1975). The development of the synthetic octoploid (SO) system (Evans 1982c) at the University of Guelph led to the creation of two interspecific hybrids, SO 1 and SO 2 composed of two or three lower-ploidy species. These interspecific hybrids successfully overcame the ploidy barrier (Evans 1982a, b).…”

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confidence: 99%

Early generation performance of Fragaria species hybrids in crosses with cultivated strawberry

Harbut¹,

Sullivan²,

Proctor³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2009. Early generation performance of Fragaria species hybrids in crosses with cultivated strawberry. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 1117Á1126. Yield (i.e., fruit number and size) and yield component measurements were collected and destructive growth analysis carried out on lower-ploidy Fragaria species, synthetic octoploids (SO), F 1 (SO ) cultivar), OC 1 (F 1 ) cultivar) hybrids and cultivars. Plants were grown in two field trials, at the Elora Research Station, Ontario, and at the Wye Research and Education Centre, Queenstown, Maryland, and in one greenhouse trial in Guelph, Ontario. Total plant dry weight (PDW) was highly variable for the species, but the higher vegetative vigour of the SOs compared with mid-parent values suggested a heterotic effect. The shade adapted species (e.g., F. moschata Duch. and F. nubicola) had greater PDWs than the sun adapted species. Yields of the species, SOs and F 1 hybrids were low; however, flower number was higher compared with cultivars. The first outcross with F 1 s and cultivars resulted in a sixfold increase in yield attributed to both increased fruit size and fruit number. Three of the four OC 1 hybrids had yields that were comparable with cultivars. Through breeding and intensive selection, genotypes introgressed with SO germplasm can be restored to the pre-cultivar yield levels with only a few outcrosses to the cultivated strawberry.Key words: Growth analysis, heterosis, interspecific hybridization, strawberry, yield, synthetic octoploid Harbut, R. H., Sullivan, J. A., Proctor, J. T. A. et Swartz, H. J. 2009. Performance des premie`res ge´ne´rations des hybrides d'espe`ces du genre Fragaria croise´es avec le fraisier cultive´. Can. J. Plant Sci. 89: 1117Á1126. Les auteurs ont mesure´le rendement (nombre et calibre des fruits) et les composantes du rendement, puis proce´de´a`une analyse destructive de la croissance des octoploı¨des synthe´tiques (OS), des membres de la F 1 (cultivars )SO), des hybrides OC 1 (F 1 ) cultivar) et des cultivars des espe`ces du genre Fragaria a`faible ploı¨die. Les plants ont e´te´cultive´s lors de deux expe´riences sur le terrain a`la station de recherche d'Elora (Ontario) et au Wye Research and Education Centre, de Queenstown (Maryland), ainsi que lors d'un essai en serre a`Guelph (Ontario). Le poids sec total des plantes (PST) varie conside´rablement avec l'espe`ce, mais la plus forte vigueur ve´ge´tative des OS, comparativement a`la valeur me´diane des parents, laisse croire a`l'he´te´rosis. Les espe`ces acclimate´es a`l'ombre (par ex., F. moschata Duch. et F. nubicola) ont un PST plus e´leve´que les celles adapte´es au soleil. Les espe`ces, les OS et les hybrides de la F 1 ont un faible rendement; cependant ils portent plus de fleurs que les cultivars. Le premier croisement exte´rieur avec des membres de la F 1 et des cultivars multiplie le rendement par six en raison du plus gros calibre des fruits, e´galement plus nombreux. Trois des quatre hybrides OC 1 pre´sentaient un rendement comparable a`celui des cultivars. On pourrait restaurer l...

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confidence: 99%

Early generation performance of Fragaria species hybrids in crosses with cultivated strawberry

Harbut¹,

Sullivan²,

Proctor³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Although, several authors have created tetraploids with F. moschata, no plants were available from the gene banks contacted. Previously two F. moschata accessions have been introgressed into cultivars (Evans, 1982c;Kantor, 1984). The 89 hybrids in this study were derived from five clones and two open-pollinated families of F. moschata (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These include resistance to angular leafspot (Xanthomonas fragaria) and powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca macularis) leaf diseases (Evans, 1982c;Kantor, 1984;Maas et al, 1995;Trajkovski, 1993), cold hardiness (Kantor, 1984;Reed, 1966), large plants more vigorous than octoploid species (Reed, 1966), unique, highly aromatic flavor (Kantor, 1984;Reed, 1966), upright flower stalks that hold fruit above the canopy (Evans, 1982a;Kantor, 1984) and uniform ripening (Reed, 1966). Evans (1977) described a means of taking F. moschata to the synthetic octoploid level by first crossing it with a diploid species to create a tetraploid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 15 SOs created by Sebastiampillia and Jones (1976) and Evans (1977), nine had F. moschata in their lineage. A fertile SO released by Evans was created by crossing F. moschata (6×) × F. nubicola (2×) and applying colchicine to seeds to create an octoploid hybrid (Evans, 1982a(Evans, , 1982c. Guelph SO1 was semi-fertile and was used in breeding programs in Guelph (Sangiacomo and Sullivan, 1994) and Sweden (Trajkovski, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interspecific hybridization of Fragaria moschata with two diploid species, F. nubicola and F. viridis

Bors

Sullivan

2005

Euphytica

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The crosses Fragaria moschata × F. nubicola, F. moschata × F. viridis, and their reciprocal combinations were done to create tetraploids for eventual introgression into octoploid cultivars of Fragaria × ananassa via the synthetic octoploid system. The combination F. nubicola × F. moschata averaged 3.3 healthy plants/pollination, which was 2.3 times higher than the next best combination, F. moschata × F. viridis. Fragaria viridis × F. moschata crosses averaged only 0.1 healthy plants/pollination and no plants were obtained from F. moschata × F. nubicola hybridizations. The success of the F. nubicola × F. moschata crosses in this study indicated that embryo/endosperm ratios were not as important a factor in producing hybrids with F. moschata × diploids species, as previously suggested.Although 90% of pollinated flowers set fruit with an average of 19 seeds/pollination only 15% of the seeds contained healthy, white embryos and only 38% of these developed into healthy seedlings. The remaining 62% of embryos lacked pigment, had short hypocotyls or arrested development after slight expansion out of the seed coat. Only 39% of the crosses resulted in viable progenies. After one year, 27% of these hybrids bloomed and 71% of the blooming hybrids were tetraploids. All six diploid and six of the seven hexaploid accessions were successfully incorporated into 89 hybrids.

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“…Ploidy differences create a genetic barrier for introducing these beneficial traits directly into commercial germplasm [7]. There has been interest in developing synthetic octoploids that are interfertile with commercial materials [8,9]. The generation of synthetic polyploids from lower-ploids (as in 10,11) with enhanced traits may provide a means to introduce genes into commercial strawberry with benefits throughout the supply chain from farmer to consumer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations of morphological ploidy estimation methods in Fragaria

Chambers

Pollard

Folta

2013

Journal of Berry Research

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BACKGROUND: Strawberry (Fragaria spp.) is prone to natural polyploidization. Strawberry shoots regenerated through tissue culture callus may exhibit variations in ploidy. Rapid and accurate ploidy estimation is important for basic research as well as cultivar improvement. OBJECTIVES: Ploidy-measurement methods are well established in strawberry and other plants. The objective of this work was to define the strengths and limitations to various ploidy-estimation tests. METHODS: Measurements were performed on a set of known diploids and polyploids as well as synthetic colchiploids. Comparisons were made using petiole size, stomatal size, leaf dimensions, and pollen diameter and compared to flow cytometry results. RESULTS: Simple methods like leaf proportions and stomatal size may vary greatly based on environmental factors. Pollen measurement proves reliable, but only within tetraploids arising from a single genotype. Measurements made with flow cytometry reliably indicated ploidy and revealed within-plant variation such as mixoploidy. CONCLUSIONS: Methods for measuring ploidy in Fragaria vary in complexity, ease, execution time and precision. This work defines the strengths and limitations of several methods, along with the considerations required for accurate comparisons between genotypes and ploidy levels.

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The production of multispecific octoploids from Fragaria species and the cultivated strawberry

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Early generation performance of Fragaria species hybrids in crosses with cultivated strawberry

Early generation performance of Fragaria species hybrids in crosses with cultivated strawberry

Interspecific hybridization of Fragaria moschata with two diploid species, F. nubicola and F. viridis

Limitations of morphological ploidy estimation methods in Fragaria

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