The proanthocyanidin polymers in some species of Onobrychis

Koupai-Abyazani, Mohammed R.; Muir, Alister D.; Bohm, Bruce A.; Towers, G.H.N.; Gruber, Margaret Y.

doi:10.1016/s0031-9422(00)90791-x

Cited by 39 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We then used these standards to identify thiol adducts in our Populus extracts by retention time on HPLC. Epicatechin thiol was obtained from Sorghum bicolor grain (Gupta and Haslam, 1978), catechin thiol from catechin trimer C-2 (Kolodzieg, 1990), epigallocatechin thiol from sainfoin leaves (Koupai-Abyazani et al, 1993b), and gallocatechin thiol from Populus tremuloides leaves (Hagerman, unpublished).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Variation in Proanthocyanidin Composition of Populus Species and Hybrids: Genetics is the Key

et al. 2010

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The literature on proanthocyanidins (tannins) in ecological systems is dominated by quantitative studies. Despite evidence that the qualitative characteristics (subunit type, polymer chain length) of these complex polyphenolics are important determinants of biological activity, little is known about genetic and environmental controls on the type of proanthocyanidins produced by plants. We tested the hypothesis that genetics, season, developmental stage, and environment determine proanthocyanidin qualitative characteristics by using four Populus "cross types" (narrowleaf [P. angustifolia], Fremont [P. fremontii], F1 hybrids, and backcrosses to narrowleaf). We used thiolysis and HPLC analysis to characterize the proanthocyanidins, and found that genetics strongly control composition. The narrowleaf plants accumulate mixed procyanidin/prodelphinidins with average composition epicatechin(11)-epigallocatechin(8)-catechin(2)-catechin((terminal)). Backcross genotypes produce mixed procyanidin/prodelphinidins similar to narrowleaf, while Fremont makes procyanidin dimers, and the F1 plants contain procyanidin heptamers. Less striking effects were noted for genotype × environment, while season and developmental zone had little effect on proanthocyanidin composition or chain length. We discuss the metabolic and ecological consequences of differences in condensed tannin qualitative traits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qualitative Variation in Proanthocyanidin Composition of Populus Species and Hybrids: Genetics is the Key

et al. 2010

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“…vicilifolia to as low as 6 800-7 100 for L. pedunculatus (Jones et al 1976). Foo et al (1982) and Koupai-Abyazani et al (1993) found more uniform results when molecular weights of purified PA from the same species were measured using NMR, varying from 2 500-5 000. The stereochemical configuration of the 3 position hydroxyl can be either cis or trans relative to the B ring.…”

Section: Eflect Of P a Type On Compressive Strength Of Foamsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannin) destabilise plant protein foams in a dose dependent manner

Tanner¹,

Moate²,

Lh³

et al. 1995

Aust. J. Agric. Res.

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The compressive strength and persistence of protein foams produced from extracts of legume leaves were measured. The presence of foliar proanthocyanidin (PA, condensed tannin) in species such as Onobrychis and Lotus correlated with foams of negligible compressive strength and persistence and also with a reputation for bloat safety in the field. PA purified from forage legume leaves significantly decreased the compressive strength of protein foams produced from purified red clover leaf protein. The decrease in the compressive strength was related to the concentration of added PA in a dose-dependent manner. A ratio of PA to protein of 0 . 1 reduced the compressive strength by approximately half relative to the strength of the PA-free control. Purified PAS with different chemical structures had similar effects on the compressive strength of protein foams. The significance of these observations to pasture bloat and forage legume improvement is discussed.

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“…In contrast, high dietary CT concentrations (>50 g/kg DM) depress voluntary feed intake, digestive efficiency and animal productivity (Aerts et al 1999). Plants of the same species can vary in CT content (Koupai-Abyasani et al 1993;Douglas et al 1995;Heering et al 1996;Hedqvist et al 2000) and composition (Foo et al 1982) depending on region and season of growth. Calliandra calothyrsus is a shrub legume that occurs throughout the tropics and sub-tropics, and is potentially a valuable livestock forage because of its high protein content and digestibility.…”

Section: Tanninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

2005

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Plant secondary metabolites, which include a wide variety of phytochemicals, have always been constituents of the diets of man and other animals. Although a high proportion of these phytochemicals have been considered to be of little value in plants (although this view is changing), they have frequently been shown to have adverse effects on animals when ingested. The effects depend to a great extent on the chemistry of the compounds, their concentration in the diet and the amount consumed, and are further dependent on the health status of the animals. Traditionally, most studies of the effects of these compounds on animals have focused on their adverse effects and how to alleviate them. However, recent public concern about the use of synthetic compounds in animal diets to enhance performance and health and welfare issues, coupled with changes in regulations on the use of synthetic medicaments, has stimulated interest and research in the use and effects of phytochemicals in the diets of farmed animals. Phytochemicals vary in their chemistry but can be divided into hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds, of which a wide variety of polyphenolic and terpenoid compounds, as well as alkaloids, carbohydrates and non-protein amino acids, invoke special interest. The chemistry, biochemistry and mechanisms of action of these compounds in plants and their effects in animals when ingested will be explored. Phytochemicals: Effects in animalsAs plant secondary metabolites (PSM) are an extremely large group of compounds, a comprehensive overview of their biochemistry, bioactivity and chemistry is not possible in a relatively short review paper. The importance of PSM in ecology, human foods and animal feeds, and as pharmaceuticals with chemical and biochemical attributes has already been described in some detail

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The proanthocyanidin polymers in some species of Onobrychis

Cited by 39 publications

References 14 publications

Qualitative Variation in Proanthocyanidin Composition of Populus Species and Hybrids: Genetics is the Key

Qualitative Variation in Proanthocyanidin Composition of Populus Species and Hybrids: Genetics is the Key

Proanthocyanidins (condensed tannin) destabilise plant protein foams in a dose dependent manner

Biochemistry of plant secondary metabolites and their effects in animals

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