Qualitative Variation in Proanthocyanidin Composition of Populus Species and Hybrids: Genetics is the Key

Scioneaux, Ashley N.; Schmidt, Michael A.; Moore, M.; Lindroth, Richard L.; Wooley, Stuart C.; Hagerman, Ann

doi:10.1007/s10886-010-9887-y

Cited by 48 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Dihydromyricetin is a predicted intermediate in the synthesis of gallocatechin and epigallocatechin, two of the flavan-3-ols that are presumed precursors for PAs ( Fig. 1; Scioneaux et al, 2011). Plasmids for promoterluciferase reporter constructs were cobombarded with effector constructs encoding MYB134, MYB115, and bHLH131 transcription factors as indicated and assayed after a 48-h incubation.…”

Section: Myb115 Overexpression Leads To Reduced Concentrations Of Salmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poplar PAs contain a mixture of procyanidin (dihydroxylated B-ring) and prodelphinidin (trihydroxylated B-ring) subunits. The ratio of these monomers varies in Populus species (Ayres et al, 1997;Scioneaux et al, 2011), but how this is regulated is not known. Catechin and gallocatechin, flavan-3-ol precursors of procyanidins and prodelphinidins, respectively, were detected in both MYB overexpressors using LC-MS; in control plants, concentrations were too low to be reliably quantified.…”

Section: Myb115 Overexpression Leads To Reduced Concentrations Of Salmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure

James

Ma²,

Mellway³

et al. 2017

Plant Physiol.

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The accumulation of proanthocyanidins is regulated by a complex of transcription factors composed of R2R3 MYB, basic helix-loop-helix, and WD40 proteins that activate the promoters of biosynthetic genes. In poplar (genus Populus), MYB134 is known to regulate proanthocyanidin biosynthesis by activating key flavonoid genes. Here, we characterize a second MYB regulator of proanthocyanidins, MYB115. Transgenic poplar overexpressing MYB115 showed a highproanthocyanidin phenotype and reduced salicinoid accumulation, similar to the effects of MYB134 overexpression. Transcriptomic analysis of MYB115-and MYB134-overexpressing poplar plants identified a set of common up-regulated genes encoding proanthocyanidin biosynthetic enzymes and several novel uncharacterized MYB transcriptional repressors. Transient expression experiments demonstrated the capacity of both MYB134 and MYB115 to activate flavonoid promoters, but only in the presence of a basic helix-loop-helix cofactor. Yeast two-hybrid experiments confirmed the direct interaction of these transcription factors. The unexpected identification of dihydromyricetin in leaf extracts of both MYB115-and MYB134-overexpressing poplar led to the discovery of enhanced flavonoid B-ring hydroxylation and an increased proportion of prodelphinidins in proanthocyanidin of the transgenics. The dramatic hydroxylation phenotype of MYB115 overexpressors is likely due to the up-regulation of both flavonoid 39,59-hydroxylases and cytochrome b 5 . Overall, this work provides new insight into the complexity of the gene regulatory network for proanthocyanidin synthesis in poplar.Proanthocyanidins (PAs), also known as condensed tannins, are widespread polyphenols with diverse ecological functions. They are polymers of flavan-3-ols and, thus, end products of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid pathways (Dixon et al., 2005). The PAs are the most broadly distributed secondary metabolites and are especially prominent in forest trees and woody plants ( Barbehenn and Constabel, 2011). PA accumulation in trees can be substantial; for example, in some species of poplar (genus Populus), PAs can constitute 25% of leaf dry weight. However, the accumulation of PAs also is highly plastic and varies with genotype and growth conditions (Hwang and Lindroth, 1997;Osier and Lindroth, 2006). In trees, PAs are common constituents of vegetative organs, including roots, leaves, bark, and flowers. Seasonal leaf drop in autumn and turnover of roots thus lead to substantial tannin input into forest soils, where it has been shown to slow litter decomposition and nutrient cycling (Schweitzer et al., 2008). In herbaceous plants, PAs are more restricted in distribution, but they can be found in leaves of legumes, 1 This work was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, the Max Planck Society, the Academy of Finland, and the Canadian Genomics R&D Initiative.2 These authors contributed equally to the article. * Address correspondence to cpc@uvic.ca. The author responsible for distribution ...

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Section: Myb115 Overexpression Leads To Reduced Concentrations Of Salmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Myb115 Overexpression Leads To Reduced Concentrations Of Salmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure

James

Ma²,

Mellway³

et al. 2017

Plant Physiol.

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“…Hydrolysable tannins are composed of gallic acid units linked via an ester linkage to a glucose functional group, and they can be further classified as gallotannins and ellagitannis by the respective presence or absence of C–C linked galloyl groups (Hartzfeld et al, 2002). In plants, tannin production is genetically (Scioneaux et al, 2011), as well as environmentally, controlled (Tharayil et al, 2011). Environmental conditions that affect the production of tannins include photoperiod, soil pH, moisture and nutrient availability, herbivory, and atmospheric CO 2 and O 3 (Herms and Mattson, 1992; Bussotti et al, 1998; Kraus et al, 2003a; Cohen and Kennedy, 2010; Jaakola and Hohtola, 2010; Lindroth, 2010; Malisch et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Influences the Content and Chemical Composition of Foliar Tannins in Green and Senesced Tissues of Quercus rubra

et al. 2017

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Environmental stresses not only influence production of plant metabolites but could also modify their resorption during leaf senescence. The production-resorption dynamics of polyphenolic tannins, a class of defense compound whose ecological role extends beyond tissue senescence, could amplify the influence of climate on ecosystem processes. We studied the quantity, chemical composition, and tissue-association of tannins in green and freshly-senesced leaves of Quercus rubra exposed to different temperature (Warming and No Warming) and precipitation treatments (Dry, Ambient, Wet) at the Boston-Area Climate Experiment (BACE) in Massachusetts, USA. Climate influenced not only the quantity of tannins, but also their molecular composition and cell-wall associations. Irrespective of climatic treatments, tannin composition in Q. rubra was dominated by condensed tannins (CTs, proanthocyanidins). When exposed to Dry and Ambient*Warm conditions, Q. rubra produced higher quantities of tannins that were less polymerized. In contrast, under favorable conditions (Wet), tannins were produced in lower quantities, but the CTs were more polymerized. Further, even as the overall tissue tannin content declined, the content of hydrolysable tannins (HTs) increased under Wet treatments. The molecular composition of tannins influenced their content in senesced litter. Compared to the green leaves, the content of HTs decreased in senesced leaves across treatments, whereas the CT content was similar between green and senesced leaves in Wet treatments that produced more polymerized tannins. The content of total tannins in senesced leaves was higher in Warming treatments under both dry and ambient precipitation treatments. Our results suggest that, though climate directly influenced the production of tannins in green tissues (and similar patterns were observed in the senesced tissue), the influence of climate on tannin content of senesced tissue was partly mediated by the effect on the chemical composition of tannins. These different climatic impacts on leaves over the course of a growing season may alter forest dynamics, not only in decomposition and nutrient cycling dynamics, but also in herbivory dynamics.

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“…Although some 'mixing' of local with introduced sainfoin germplasm has occurred (Demdoum et al 2012 ), there are still many landraces and other accessions that are worth developing because they are already well adapted to local soils and climate (Pecetti et al 2009 ). tannin size and composition in terms of fl avanols, are heritable has emerged only recently in experiments that examined Populus and its hybrids (Scioneaux et al 2011 ). However, defi nitive evidence that both structural traits, i.e.…”

Section: Breeding For Tannins As a Novel Traitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf

Sokolović¹,

Huyghe²,

Radovic³

2014

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Qualitative Variation in Proanthocyanidin Composition of Populus Species and Hybrids: Genetics is the Key

Cited by 48 publications

References 43 publications

Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure

Poplar MYB115 and MYB134 Transcription Factors Regulate Proanthocyanidin Synthesis and Structure

Climate Influences the Content and Chemical Composition of Foliar Tannins in Green and Senesced Tissues of Quercus rubra

Quantitative Traits Breeding for Multifunctional Grasslands and Turf

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