The Preventive Effect of the Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Injuries in Amateur Soccer Players

Horst, Nick van der; Smits, Dirk-Wouter; Petersen, Jesper; Goedhart, Edwin A; Backx, Frank

doi:10.1177/0363546515574057

Cited by 288 publications

(150 citation statements)

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“…6,7,11,34,35 The most common type of injury was hamstring muscle strains. In this study, the incidence of hamstring injuries was higher than in previous studies, namely 1.3 per 1000 player hours in comparison with 0.7 per 1000 player hours, 4,12 and the severity of hamstring injuries was also different. In this study, 28% of the hamstring injuries resulted in fewer than 7 days off play compared with 17% in the NHE study; however, the incidence of severe injuries was in line with other studies.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

“…1,2 The high incidence rate (0.7/1000 soccer hours), together with a high recurrence rate (12%-30%) and long rehabilitation (mean >28 days), makes this injury a major problem in soccer. 1,3,4 Hamstring injuries can be classified as sprint-type injuries and stretching-type injuries, with sprinttype hamstring injuries being the most common in soccer. 1,5 The sprint-type hamstring injury occurs mostly in the late swing phase, when the hamstring undergoes a stretch-shortening cycle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies indicated the preventive effect of this exercise program. 4,12 The Nordic hamstring exercise, by itself or incorporated in an injury prevention program, can reduce the hamstring injury rate when compliance is high. 13 Although effective programs, like these, have been developed to prevent hamstring injuries, the incidence of hamstring injuries in professional soccer players competing in the UEFA is still increasing by 4% annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Does a bounding exercise program prevent hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players? – A cluster‐RCT

Hoef

Brink

Huisstede

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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BackgroundAlthough the Nordic Hamstring Exercise (NHE) prevents hamstring injury in soccer players effectively, the annual incidence of these injuries still increases. This may be because of poor long‐term compliance with the program. Furthermore, the timing and amplitude of gluteal and core muscle activation seem to play an important role in hamstring injury prevention, the NHE program was not designed to improve activation of these muscles. Therefore, we propose plyometric training as an alternative to reduce hamstring injuries in soccer players.PurposeTo determine the preventive effect of the Bounding Exercise Program (BEP) on hamstring injury incidence and severity in adult male amateur soccer players.Study designA cluster‐Randomized Controlled Trial.MethodsThirty‐two soccer teams competing in the first‐class amateur league were cluster‐randomized into the intervention or control group. Both groups were instructed to perform their regular training program, and the intervention group additionally performed BEP. Information about player characteristics was gathered at baseline and exposure, hamstring injuries and BEP compliance were weekly registered during one season (2016‐2017).ResultsThe data of 400 players were analyzed. In total, 57 players sustained 65 hamstring injuries. The injury incidence was 1.12/1000 hours in the intervention group and 1.39/1000 hours in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences in hamstring injury incidence (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.46‐1.75) or severity between the groups (P > 0.48).ConclusionIn this large cluster‐randomized controlled trial, no evidence was found for plyometric training in its current form to reduce hamstring injuries in amateur soccer players.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Does a bounding exercise program prevent hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players? – A cluster‐RCT

Hoef

Brink

Huisstede

et al. 2019

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…This specific exercise has already demonstrated its worth to prevent hamstring injuries in soccer players [6]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous injuries are identified as the most important risk factor [5]. Therefore, rehabilitation plays a major role in injury prevention [6]. The effectiveness of interventions including eccentric training to prevent hamstring injuries is still under debate [7, 8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the FASH (Functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries) questionnaire for German-speaking football players

et al. 2016

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BackgroundThe FASH (Functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries) questionnaire has been recently developed as a disease-specific self-administered questionnaire for use in Greek, English, and German languages. Its psychometric qualities (validity and reliability) were tested only in Greek-speaking patients mainly representing track and field athletes. As hamstring injuries represent the most common football injury, we tested the validity and reliability of the FASH-G (G = German version) questionnaire in German-speaking footballers suffering from acute hamstring injuries.MethodsThe FASH-G questionnaire was tested for reliability and validity, in 16 footballers with hamstring injuries (patients’ group), 77 asymptomatic footballers (healthy group), and 19 field hockey players (at-risk group). Known-group validity was tested by comparing the total FASH-G scores of the injured and non-injured groups. Reliability of the FASH-G questionnaire was analysed in 18 asymptomatic footballers using the intra-class coefficient.ResultsKnown-group validity was demonstrated by significant differences between injured and non-injured participants (p < 0.001). The FASH-G exhibited very good test–retest reliability (intra-class correlation coefficient = 0.982, p < 0.001). Internal consistency was excellent (α = 0.938). Compared with the results presented in the original publication, no statistical differences were found between healthy athletes (p = 0.257), but patients’ groups and at-risk groups presented scoring differences (p = 0.040 and <0.001, respectively).ConclusionsThe FASH-G is a valid and reliable instrument to assess and determine the severity of hamstring injuries in German footballers.

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Effectiveness of eye movement exercise and diaphragmatic breathing with jogging in reducing migraine symptoms: A preliminary, randomized comparison trial

et al. 2022

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Background: Migraine is a multifactorial headache disorder. Maladaptive functional networks or altered circuit-related connectivity in the brain with migraine appear to perturb the effects of usual treatments. Objectives: In the present preliminary trial, we aim to study the effectiveness of performing pieces of body-mind, cognitive, or network reconstruction-based training (i.e., eye movement exercise plus jogging; EME+J and diaphragmatic breathing plus jogging; DB+J) in decreasing migraine symptoms. Methods: We used a three-arm, triple-blind, non-inferiority randomized comparison design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up measurements to assess the effectiveness of EME+J and DB+J in the brain with migraine. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the study groups to perform either 12 consecutive weeks of EME+J (n = 22), DB+J (n = 19), or receiving, treatment as usual, TAU (n = 22). Results: The primary outcome statistical analysis through a linear mixed model showed a significant decrease in the frequency (p = .0001), duration (p = .003), and intensity (p = .007) of migraine attacks among the interventions and measurement times. The pairwise comparisons of simple effects showed that EME+J and DB+J effectively reduced migraine symptoms at the post-test and follow-up (p < .05). Cochran's tests showed that interventions decreased the number of menses-related migraine attacks. EME+J and DB+J effectively decreased over-the-counter (OTC) drug use, refreshed wake-up mode, and improved sleep and water drinking patterns. These are the secondary outcomes that Cochran's tests showed in the interventional groups after the interventions and at 12 months of follow-up. Conclusion: EME+J or DB+J can be an effective and safe method with no adverse effects to decrease the symptoms of migraine attacks. Moreover, a reduction in the frequency of menstrual cycle-related attacks, OTC drug use, and improved quality of sleep This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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The Preventive Effect of the Nordic Hamstring Exercise on Hamstring Injuries in Amateur Soccer Players

Abstract: Incorporating the NHE protocol in regular amateur training significantly reduces hamstring injury incidence, but it does not reduce hamstring injury severity. Compliance with the intervention was excellent.

Cited by 288 publications

References 45 publications

Does a bounding exercise program prevent hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players? – A cluster‐RCT

Does a bounding exercise program prevent hamstring injuries in adult male soccer players? – A cluster‐RCT

Validation of the FASH (Functional Assessment Scale for Acute Hamstring Injuries) questionnaire for German-speaking football players

Effectiveness of eye movement exercise and diaphragmatic breathing with jogging in reducing migraine symptoms: A preliminary, randomized comparison trial

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