The preference for sugar over sweetener depends on a gut sensor cell

Buchanan, Kelly; Rupprecht, Laura E.; Kaelberer, Melanie M.; Sahasrabudhe, Atharva; Klein, Maximilian; Villalobos, Jorge; Liu, Winston; Yang, Annabelle; Gelman, Justin; Park, Seongjun; Anikeeva, Polina; Bohórquez, Diego V.

doi:10.1038/s41593-021-00982-7

Cited by 88 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…Mice were successfully induced to feel full by external stimulation of specific gastric vagus nerve with remote radio frequency source. In 2022, researchers used optogenetics to inhibit neuropod cells in mice intestinal mucosa and found that mice consumed less sucrose ( Buchanan et al, 2022 ). These studies suggest that optogenetics has a role to play in understanding the neural circuit of compulsive feeding.…”

Section: Optogenetic Research Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Optogenetics and Technology in Neurobiology: A Review

Chen

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Optogenetic is a technique that combines optics and genetics to control specific neurons. This technique usually uses adenoviruses that encode photosensitive protein. The adenovirus may concentrate in a specific neural region. By shining light on the target nerve region, the photosensitive protein encoded by the adenovirus is controlled. Photosensitive proteins controlled by light can selectively allow ions inside and outside the cell membrane to pass through, resulting in inhibition or activation effects. Due to the high precision and minimally invasive, optogenetics has achieved good results in many fields, especially in the field of neuron functions and neural circuits. Significant advances have also been made in the study of many clinical diseases. This review focuses on the research of optogenetics in the field of neurobiology. These include how to use optogenetics to control nerve cells, study neural circuits, and treat diseases by changing the state of neurons. We hoped that this review will give a comprehensive understanding of the progress of optogenetics in the field of neurobiology.

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Section: Optogenetic Research Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Optogenetics and Technology in Neurobiology: A Review

Chen

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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“…For instance, neuropod cells in the intestine are indispensable for the preference for nutritive sugars over non-caloric sweeteners via glutamatergic signalling transduction. 218 Enteroendocrine cells, as sensors of alimental amino acids in the gut, secrete diuretic hormone 31 (DH31). DH31 binds to the DH31 receptor (DH31R) in brain neurons and excites courtship behaviour.…”

Section: Nutrient-associated Molecular Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary regulation in health and disease

Gao

et al. 2022

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials have demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan and delaying ageing in various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate and human. It emerges to develop the precision-nutrition therapeutics to slow age-related biological processes and treat diverse diseases. However, the nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals as well as organs and tissues, which brings challenges in this field. In this review, we summarize the different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed for healthspan improvement and disease treatment in pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss the nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, nutritive metabolism pathways, epigenetic mechanisms and circadian clocks. Comparably, we describe diet-responsive effectors by which dietary interventions influence the endocrinic, immunological, microbial and neural states responsible for improving health and preventing multiple diseases in humans. Furthermore, we expatiate diverse patterns of dietotheroapies, including different fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic diet, high-fibre diet, plants-based diet, protein restriction diet or diet with specific reduction in amino acids or microelements, potentially affecting the health and morbid states. Altogether, we emphasize the profound nutritional therapy, and highlight the crosstalk among explored mechanisms and critical factors to develop individualized therapeutic approaches and predictors.

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“…This role has historically been considered the domain of low threshold 25 , wide dynamic range 25 or high threshold 3,4,26 distensionsensitive afferents, which are polymodal and respond to a wide variety of inflammatory and immune mediators 13 . Our findings add to the ever-increasing contribution of EC cells to a myriad of gut functions 7,27 such as mechano- 12,28,29 and chemo-sensation 5,6,[8][9][10][11]30,31 . How can EC cells assume such functional diversity?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…How can EC cells assume such functional diversity? The answer may reflect their location within specific segments of the gastrointestinal tract 32,33 and the neuronal subtypes with which they interact, including those of vagal 10,30,31 , spinal 8,9 , or enteric origin 12 . This study also supports a crucial role for serotonin and 5-HT 3 receptors at the interface between EC cells and mucosal afferents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Enterochromaffin Cells are Critical Drivers of Visceral Pain and Anxiety

Bayrer¹,

Castro

Venkataramen³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort is a hallmark of most gut disorders and represents a significant component of chronic visceral pain 1. For the growing population afflicted by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), GI hypersensitivity and pain persist long after signs of tissue injury have resolved 2. IBS also exhibits a strong sex bias afflicting women three-fold more than men 1. Identifying the molecules, cells, and circuits that mediate both the acute and persistent phases of visceral pain is a critical first step in understanding how environmental and endogenous factors produce long-term changes in the nervous system or associated tissues to engender chronic pain syndromes 3,4. Enterochromaffin (EC) cells within the gut epithelium are exceedingly rare sensory neuroendocrine cells that detect and transduce noxious stimuli to nearby nerve endings via serotonin. Here, we manipulate murine EC cell activity using genetic strategies to ascertain their contributions to visceral pain. We show that acute EC cell activation is sufficient to elicit hypersensitivity to gut distension and necessary for the sensitizing actions of isovalerate, a bacterially derived short-chain fatty acid irritant associated with inflammatory GI disorders. Remarkably, prolonged EC cell activation by itself is sufficient to produce persistent visceral hypersensitivity, even in the absence of an instigating inflammatory episode. Perturbing the activity of these rare EC cells led to a marked increase in anxiety-like behaviors that normalized after blocking serotonergic signaling. Sex differences were also observed accross a range of assays indicating that females have a higher baseline visceral sensitivity. Our findings validate a critical role for EC cell-mucosal afferent signaling in acute and persistent GI pain while highlighting mechanistically defined genetic models for studying visceral hypersensitivity, sex differences, and associated behaviors.

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The preference for sugar over sweetener depends on a gut sensor cell

Cited by 88 publications

References 69 publications

The Roles of Optogenetics and Technology in Neurobiology: A Review

The Roles of Optogenetics and Technology in Neurobiology: A Review

Dietary regulation in health and disease

Gut Enterochromaffin Cells are Critical Drivers of Visceral Pain and Anxiety

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