The Platform Economy in Europe: Results from the Second ETUI Internet and Platform Work Survey (IPWS)

Hybrid (Solo)Self-Employment and Upskilling: Is Online Platform Work a Path Towards Entrepreneurship?

“…Roughly one third of the combined sample are female workers (30%), while there is a greater gender balance in the CrowdlearnOF sample 7 . The mean age of the sample is 32 years while a significant share of the Crowdlearn respondents are holders of either a postgraduate degree (28%) or an undergraduate degree (31%), consistent with previous literature (Pesole et al, 2018;Piasna et al, 2022). 8 Further sample descriptive statistics, including breakdowns of key variables for both Crowdlearn (OF and MW) samples, are discussed extensively in Cedefop (2020).…”

“…While the weakening of labour market and social bargaining institutions is often considered a culprit, the recent advent of new digital technologies, and associated sociotechnical changes in the nature of labour production they entail, has stimulated growth in new online forms of labour provision. As revealed by the 2 nd ETUI Internet and Platform Work Survey, about 17% of Europeans provide internet work and 4.3% work through a digital labour platform in a given year (Piasna et al, 2022). Such trends are likely to have been accentuated by the Covid-19 pandemic.…”

Taming Proteus: Challenges for Risk Regulation of Powerful Digital Labor Platforms

“…Critics maintain that established firms are up against platform companies who have honed their skills in playing 'regulatory arbitrage,' or strategies that take advantage of opportunities created by gaps in regulations [34][35][36]. There are two main issues of concern in PMW regulation: employment status and algorithmic management [37]. This twofold challenge is reflected in the two strands of research on platform labor [38].…”

To Be or Not to Be a Platform Worker? Lithuanian Case in the Context of Eu Countries

“…However, the share of main platform workers accounted for around 1.1 per cent of all respondents. The main platform workers in the study were defined as those who earn 50 per cent or more of their income via platforms and/or those who work via platforms more than 20 hours a week (Piasna et al, 2022).…”

“…Most surveys show that people working through DLPs are, on average, more educated than the general population. Many of them are either studying or are tertiary graduates (Piasna et al, 2022;Barcevičius et al, 2021). According to Piasna et al (2022), students, on average, are up to twice as likely as non-students to be doing internet or platform work.…”