The Pituitary-Adrenocortical Relationship

Swann, H. G.

doi:10.1152/physrev.1940.20.4.493

Cited by 100 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…This, too, has been ascribed to a depressed pituitary function. A relation between adrenal cortex and pars nervosa has been anticipated (291 ) but cannot yet be discussed. An antagonistic effect of adrenal and posterior pituitary substances on renal function and salt and water balance have been observed (37 Female rats have heavier pituitaries than males (123) and show the following differences from males in cortical structure and function (76, With all due recognition of the chemotherapeutic successes attained so far, there is 210 doubt in the author's mind that one goal will remain, now and ever, namely, to restore the organism's genuine power to provide its own secretions.…”

Section: The^adrgn^l^jned^lla And_transplantationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The hormone production is thought to be confined to the osmophil lipid vacuoles of the spongiocytes in the outer fasciculata. The hypothesis has been advanced (291 that the secretions of the outer cortical layer may undergo chemical changes, a "maturation", while passing down the cortical sinusoids toward the medulla. It is a well-established empirical fact that the younger the tissue or the donor the better the takes.…”

Section: Factgrs_inf^u §Ncinj;_th^_fgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The behavior of adrenocortical transplants in the rat under the influence of ingested sodium and potassium salts

Plachte¹

1942

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Vous enfin, dele'gue's des nations etrangeres, qui §tes venus de si loin donner une preuve de sympathie a la France, vous m'apportez la joie la plus profonde que puisse gprouver un homme qui croit invincib lenient que la science et gland that could meet the needs of the patient's bodily economy would be close to the ideal state, the normal gland.The outspoken unsuitability of pancreatic tissue for any kind of grafting and the lack of therapeutic success in the case of adrenal transplantation have shattered the hopes of the profession for ever attaining the goal of successful therapeutic application. This, however, does not justify the abandonment of transplantation research. On the contrary, it will, now more than ever, mean that the whole field of endocrine transplantation will have to be revised and put on a sound physiological basis.The older literature about organ transplantation in general and with reference to the adrenals has been reviewed by Knauer (180)?The therapeutic transplantation of adrenal tissue will be considered separately in Appendix D.* The numbers refer to the bibliography at the end of the dissertation. Grawitz's and Cohnheim's ideas about the genesis of neoplasms in general and adrenal tumors in particular, it was attempted to produce new adrenal growths by stalked transplants in dogs cats, and rabbits (105, 106, 108,283) and by free transplantation in rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats (324,178,219,258,259). This was done in order to reproduce a situation which was believed to exist in a tumor-bearing organism.At this point a general remark about free and stalked grafts should be made.The stalked grafts as they were frequently performed in dogs, rabbits, and cats (75, 105-108, 225, 283) Adrenal pseudotransplantation shall not be considered in this paper unless specifically mentioned. Likewise, procedures such as that of leaving the gland in its normal bed after demedullating it or ligating its blood supply (558) will not be discussed. Furthermore, some work (4) is so inadequate in planning and execution that it will not be included. The following problems were approached by this method:the relation of the adrenal to the susceptibility of the organism to histamine (537,344,345,353), anaphylactic shock (339), resistance (162), blood volume (343), blood KPN and urea (357), blood sugar level (349,356), temperature regulation (342,348), arterial lesions (187), spontaneous activity (242), mineral metabolism (247), early sex development (220), the mechanism of vascular responses to adrenalin and of adrenalin intoxication (346,350,354), adrenalininduced lens opacities (312).Moreover, the host-donor tissue compatibility and the differentials of individuality, organs, and species (191)(192)(193)(194) were extensively investigated by means of transplantation of adrenal tissue among others. The influence of ultracentrifugation upon specialized tissues and their viability and 6 and functional capacity as grafts were also investigated with adrenal transplantation (77,78). . Factgrs_inf^u §ncinj;_th^_f...

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Section: The^adrgn^l^jned^lla And_transplantationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Factgrs_inf^u §Ncinj;_th^_fgmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavior of adrenocortical transplants in the rat under the influence of ingested sodium and potassium salts

Plachte¹

1942

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“…It bec~ne evident that the adrenal cortex is not entirely under the control of the pituitary from the fact tr~t the hypophysectomized animal does not exhibit the symptons seen after adrenalectomy (37,38).…”

Section: Adrenocortical Zones Controlled By the Anterior Pituitarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid production by incubated mouse adrenals

Triller

Birmingham

1965

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…Last but not least, zonal theory sustains that both cellular proliferation and apoptosis occur independently in each cortical zone. Therefore, each zone might be locally regulated with no effects on the others functional behavior (Swann, 1940). All these hypothesis are based upon mammals histological observations under experi-mental conditions such as pharmacologic manipulation, castration or unilateral adrenalectomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Stress Effects on Adrenal Cortex Cellular Proliferation in Pregnant Rats

Bozzo¹,

Soñez²,

Cobeta³

et al. 2011

Int. J. Morphol.

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SUMMARY:Chronic stress by immobilization during pregnancy may cause alterations in mechanisms maintaining homeostasis in the adrenal gland. The objective of this study was to quantify cellular proliferation index in the adrenal cortex during pregnancy second half and assess the effects of chronic stress on it. Adrenal cortex proliferation index in stressed rats showed a significant decrease at 12 and 17 days of gestation, while at day 21 it did not show differences with the control treatments. Moreover, proliferation index of reticular zones in control and experimental rats, exhibited a significant reduction in comparison to glomerular and fascicular zones of adrenal cortex during the three gestation days studied. In conclusion, chronic stress by immobilization produces a decrease in cellular proliferation index at 12 and 17 gestation days, which may be related to changes in plasmatic concentrations of corticosterone and prolactin and, to the reduction of specific growth factors. Furthermore, the observed proliferation diminishment in reticular zone regarding the other cortical zones would be consistent with the migration theory of adrenal cells.

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The Pituitary-Adrenocortical Relationship

Cited by 100 publications

References 0 publications

The behavior of adrenocortical transplants in the rat under the influence of ingested sodium and potassium salts

The behavior of adrenocortical transplants in the rat under the influence of ingested sodium and potassium salts

Steroid production by incubated mouse adrenals

Chronic Stress Effects on Adrenal Cortex Cellular Proliferation in Pregnant Rats

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