The phase behavior of ternary blends containing polycarbonate, phenoxy, and polycaprolactone

Abstract

SynopsisTernary blends comprising bisphenol-A polycarbonate (PC), the polyhydroxyether of bisphenol-A (Phenoxy), and p l y ( c-caprolactone) (PCL) were found to be generally miscible at PCL levels greater than 60% by weight and to show multiple amorphous phases at lower PCL levels. The melting point depression of PCL in the miscible region of the ternary and in the miscible binary blends with PC and Phenoxy was examined to obtain the enthalpic interaction parameters, Bi,, for each of the three binary interactions. The parameters associated with the miscible binary blends were negative, as expected, and indicated that PCL interacts more exothermically with Phenoxy than with PC. The parameter associated with the Phenoxy/PC interaction was strongly positive as expected from the complete immiscibility shown by these materials. The interaction parameters were used to calculate the locus of compositions for which the heat of mixing is zero. The locus was found to agree well with the observed boundary between miscible and multiphase behavior in the ternary. This suggests that the phase behavior of ternary blends is largely determined by the same enthalpic considerations known to govern the phase behavior of binary blends.

Biomedical Applications Polymer Blends

“…Christiansen et al [166] studied the ternary system PCL/PC/phenoxy in which PC and phenoxy are mutually immiscible; the polymers were the same as used in the previous study by Shah et al [43] except for the phenoxy (Union Carbide, n =23,000, w =80,000). The procedures used for sample preparation Fig.…”

“…Above 230 ˚C blends containing more than 60 wt % PCL became clear while blends containing 50 wt % PCL remained cloudy. Variations in glass-transition temperatures with PCL content in ternary blends of PCL with PC and phenoxy (PC/phenoxy ratio (w/w) 1:1), upper points are from the PC-rich phase; taken from [166] From melting point depressions for PCL melting, Christiansen et al [166] used the procedures previously applied by Shah et al [43] to determine interaction parameters. Based on previously determined values of the interaction parameters for PCL/PC, given in Sect.…”

Miscibility enhancement on the immiscible poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) and poly (ethyl methacrylate) with poly (vinyl phenol)

“…The list of investigated ternary has been enlarged considerably since then. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Nearly, in all these blends, a third component (either a homopolymer or copolymer) is added to homogenize an immiscible pair. Miscibility is often achieved in cases where this third component is miscible with other polymers.…”

Phase behavior of binary and ternary blends having the same chemical components and compositions

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The other way preparing miscible blend is the homogenization of two immiscible polymers by adding a third polymer that is miscible with each component. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] According to the binary interaction model, 1-3 the former method might be a useful route in developing miscible blends. In the previous researches, various miscible blends have been developed via copolymerization.…”

“…However, this method was not successful in developing a new miscible blend unless the third component that is miscible with each component of blend is major component in blend. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] In this study, we have explored why the latter method could not be useful route in developing miscible blend in contrast with the former method. Binary blends and ternary blends composed of tetramethyl bisphenol-A polycarbonate (TMPC), dimethyl bisphenol-A polycarbonate (DMPC), and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) copolymer (SAN) were explored as a sample system.…”