The perceptual root of object-based storage: An interactive model of perception and visual working memory.

Gao, Tao; Gao, Zaifeng; Li, Jie; Sun, Zhe; Shen, Mowei

doi:10.1037/a0025637

Cited by 72 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…In the current study, we explored another new aspect of VWM development: objectbased encoding (OBE) in VWM. It is an important processing phenomenon which has been consistently observed in recent studies assessing young adult samples (e.g., Gao, Gao, Li, Sun, & Shen, 2011;Z. Gao, Li, Yin, & Shen, 2010;Hyun, Woodman, Vogel, Hollingworth, & Luck, 2009;Xu, 2010;Yin, Zhou et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Object-based encoding in visual working memory: A life span study

et al. 2013

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Recent studies on development of visual working memory (VWM) predominantly focus on VWM capacity and spatial-based information filtering in VWM. Here we explored another new aspect of VWM development: object-based encoding (OBE), which refers to the fact that even if one feature dimension is required to be selected into VWM, the other irrelevant dimensions are also extracted. We explored the OBE in children, young adults, and old adults, by probing an "irrelevant-change distracting effect" in which a change of stored irrelevant feature dramatically affects the performance of task-relevant features in a change-detection task. Participants were required to remember two or four simple colored shapes, while color was used as the relevant dimension. We found that changes to irrelevant shapes led to a significant distracting effect across the three age groups in both load conditions; however, children showed a greater degree of OBE than did young and old adults. These results suggest that OBE exists in VWM over the life span (6-67 years), yet continues to develop along with VWM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Object-based encoding in visual working memory: A life span study

et al. 2013

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“…According to the property of object-based processing, even if only one dimension is explicitly memorized, the other dimensions will also be extracted into working memory (Shen et al, 2013). This has been consis tently revealed in working memory studies using multifeatured objects (e.g., Gao, Gao, Li, Sun, & Shen, 2011;Gao, Li, Yin, & Shen, 2010;Shen et al, 2013;Yin et al, 2012aYin et al, , 2012bZhang, Shen, Tang, Zhao, & Gao, 2013). However, to our knowledge, no study has explored object-based bindings for dynamic BM stimuli.…”

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confidence: 94%

Binding biological motion and visual features in working memory.

Ding¹,

Zhao²,

Wang³

et al. 2015

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Working memory mechanisms for binding have been examined extensively in the last decade, yet few studies have explored bindings relating to human biological motion (BM). Human BM is the most salient and biologically significant kinetic information encountered in everyday life and is stored independently from other visual features (e.g., colors). The current study explored 3 critical issues of BM-related binding in working memory: (a) how many BM binding units can be retained in working memory, (b) whether involuntarily object-based binding occurs during BM binding, and (c) whether the maintenance of BM bindings in working memory requires attention above and beyond that needed to maintain the constituent dimensions. We isolated motion signals of human BM from non-BM sources by using point-light displays as to-be-memorized BM and presented the participants colored BM in a change detection task. We found that working memory capacity for BM-color bindings is rather low; only 1 or 2 BM-color bindings could be retained in working memory regardless of the presentation manners (Experiments 1-3). Furthermore, no object-based encoding took place for colored BM stimuli regardless of the processed dimensions (Experiments 4 and 5). Central executive attention contributes to the maintenance of BM-color bindings, yet maintaining BM bindings in working memory did not require more central attention than did maintaining the constituent dimensions in working memory (Experiment 6). Overall, these results suggest that keeping BM bindings in working memory is a fairly resource-demanding process, yet central executive attention does not play a special role in this cross-module binding.

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“…For example, Sheth and Shimojo (2003) demonstrated that visual context, such as surround motion, may have similar or opposite effects on spatial perception and spatial WM, depending on the strength of the stimulus. Other studies also found strong interactions beween perception and WM (Gao et al, 2011; Olkkonen and Allred, 2014). Thus, by comparing the potential effect of a mnemonic digit-induced NTA with that of a perceptual/concurrent digit-induced NTA, the present study may shed some light on the dynamics between perceptual and mnemonic processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

The Impact of Perceptual/Concurrent and Mnemonic Digits on Temporal Processing: A Congruency Effect of Numerical Magnitudes

et al. 2017

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Task-irrelevant stimulus numbers can automatically modulate concurrent temporal tasks——leading to the phenomenon of number-time association (NTA). Recent research provides converging evidence that the NTA occurs at the stage of temporal memory. Specifically, a reference memory containing encoded duration information can be modified by perceptual/concurrent digits, i.e., a perceptual/concurrent digit-induced NTA. Here, with five experiments, we investigated whether another working memory (WM)-related mechanism was involved in the generation of NTAs and how this memory-induced NTA was related with the perception-induced NTA. We first explored whether similar NTA effects existed for mnemonic digits which disappeared before time encoding but were actively maintained in WM, i.e., a mnemonic digit-induced NTA. Experiments 1–3 demonstrated both types of NTAs. Further, we revealed a close relationship between the two types of NTAs in two contexts. First, the mnemonic digit-induced NTA also relied on a perceptual number-time co-occurrence at time encoding. We found that the mnemonic digits influenced subsequent temporal processing when a task-irrelevant constant number ‘5’ was presented during target encoding, but not when a non-numerical symbol was presented, suggesting that temporal representations in the reference memory could be accessed and modified by both sensory and postsensory numerical magnitudes through this number-time co-occurrence. Second, the effects of perceptual and mnemonic digits on temporal reproduction could cancel each other out. A congruency effect for perceptual and mnemonic digits (relying on memorization requirement) was demonstrated in Experiments 4 and 5. Specifically, a typical NTA was observed when the magnitudes of memorized and the perceptual/concurrent digits were congruent (both were large or small numbers), but not when they were incongruent (one small and one large numbers). Taken together, our study sheds new light on the mechanism of NTA.

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The perceptual root of object-based storage: An interactive model of perception and visual working memory.

Cited by 72 publications

References 90 publications

Object-based encoding in visual working memory: A life span study

Object-based encoding in visual working memory: A life span study

Binding biological motion and visual features in working memory.

The Impact of Perceptual/Concurrent and Mnemonic Digits on Temporal Processing: A Congruency Effect of Numerical Magnitudes

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