The patterns of Non-communicable disease Multimorbidity in Iran: A Multilevel Analysis

Abstract

the prevalence of non-communicable diseases is increasing worldwide. Multimorbidity and long-term medical conditions is common among these patients. this study aimed to investigate the patterns of non-communicable disease multimorbidity and their risk factors at the individual and aggregated level. Data was inquired from the nationwide survey performed in 2011, according to the WHO stepwise approach on NCD risk factors. A latent class analysis on multimorbidity components (11 chronic diseases) was performed and the association of some individual and aggregated risk factors (urbanization) with the latent subclasses was accessed using multilevel multinomial logistic regression. Latent class analysis revealed four distinct subclasses of multimorbidity among the iranian population (10069 participants). Musculoskeletal diseases and asthma classes were seen in both genders. In males, the odds of membership in the diabetes class was 41% less by increasing physical activity; but with increased BMI, the odds of membership in the diabetes class was 1.90 times higher. Tobacco smoking increased the odds of membership in the musculoskeletal diseases class, 1.37 and 2.30 times for males and females, respectively. Increased BMI and low education increased the chances of females' membership in all subclasses of multimorbidity. At the province level, with increase in urbanization, the odds of membership in the diabetes class was 1.28 times higher among males (P = 0.027). Increased age, higher BMI, tobacco smoking and low education are the most important risk factors associated with ncD multimorbidity among iranians. interventions and policies should be implemented to control these risk factors.The World Health Organization (WHO) global status report on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in 2014 reported that NCDs are globally the leading cause of death 1 . In 2016, NCDs killed 287000 people in Iran and the number of NCD related deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) have increased during the past decades. In just 2016, 6.5 million years of life loss (YLLs), and 8.2 million years of disability (YLDs) were attributed to NCDs in Iran 2 . According to 2017 reports, in the past 20 years, NCD mortality has risen by 14.5%, in Iran; and an adult Iranian's probability of dying prematurely (between 30 and 70 years) from one of the four main NCDs was 17% 3 .A systematic review in WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries in 2013 showed that the high mortality of NCDs is partially related to their multimorbidity 4 . More than half of the adults with NCDs have multimorbidity or multiple concurrent morbid conditions, and not one single chronic disease 5 .The prevalence of multimorbidity is increasing worldwide 6 . NCD multimorbidity affects more young people in low-and middle-income countries. The mean prevalence of multimorbidity was 7.8% in 28 developing open Scientific RepoRtS | (2020) 10:3034 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59668-y www.nature.com/scientificreports www.nature.com/scientificreports/ countries in 2015 7 . NCD multimor...

Promoting Sustainable Physical Activity Among Iranian Middle-Aged Women: An Interventional Study

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“…Nowadays, the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the globe are risk factors for developing chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), overweight, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and cancers [1]. Lifestyle modi cation programs using an integration of e cacious interventions namely regular physical activity (PA), proper nutrition, and stress management can signi cantly decrease the risks associated with modern chronic diseases in the long term [1,2].…”

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Iran, sanctions, and the COVID-19 crisis

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