The Nutrition and Metabolism of Plant Tissue and Organ Cultures

Street, H. E.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4832-3146-4.50017-1

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 319 publications

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“…There is evidence that ammonium can only serve as the sole source of nitrogen at pH values close to neutrality (Sheat et at. 1959) though uptake of the ion is not seriously impaired at much lower pH values (Street 1966). Thus, the poor growth of coconut tissues supplied only with ammonium may have resulted from the low initial pH (5.5) of the medium and the rapid drift towards even more acid conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that, at low pH values, ammonium may either interfere with the uptake of some essential inorganic element or, alternatively, enhance the leakage of essential nitrogenous metabolites (Street 1966). Since the addition of nitrate to media containing only ammonium nitrogen, both reduced the drift in pH and stimulated growth, it may check or reverse some of the deleterious effects of ammonium under weakly acidic conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mineral Requirements for Growth and Callus Initiation of Tissue Explants Excised from Mature Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera) and Cultured in vitro

Eeuwens

1976

Physiologia Plantarum

197

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Growth of stem, leaf, and inflorescence explants from mature coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) palms on a new mineral formulation (Y3) was superior to that on the minerals of White, Heller, or Murashige and Skoog. Cell division in the upper part of cultured explants gave rise to a layer of white callus within a month.The effects of omitting entirely or altering the concentration of individual elements in the Y3 formulation were investigated. It was concluded that growth on White's and Heller's minerals was seriously limited by deficiencies in macro-elements, i.e. nitrogen (particularly ammonium), potassium and phosphorus, as well as micro-elements, i.e. iron, iodine and molybdenum. The Murashige and Skoog formulation, on the other hand, was deficient only in certain micro-elements (particularly iodine).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Requirements for Growth and Callus Initiation of Tissue Explants Excised from Mature Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera) and Cultured in vitro

Eeuwens

1976

Physiologia Plantarum

197

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“…Several authors (2,15,18) have elaborated on the advantages of cell suspension cultures for metabolic studies. Street and his colleagues (5,16) have shown that in such cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus the growth is marked by distinct phases, and from Dougall's work (3) with Paul's Scarlet rose a similar conclusion may be drawn.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the pulse, the labeled medium was drawn off through the bottom of the funnel, and the cells were washed several times with growth medium. Approximately 1 g of tissue was removed and homogenized in 15 FLETCHER AND BEEVERS ferred to 5 ml of growth medium in an aerated Millipore filter assembly. This was connected to a CO2 trap so that the progress of 14CO2 evolution could be followed after removal of the labeled substrate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetate Metabolism in Cell Suspension Cultures

Fletcher

Beevers

1970

Plant Physiol.

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Cell suspension cultures of Paul's Scarlet rose were grown over a 14-day period, during which a 50-fold increase in fresh weight occurred. Three phases could be recognized from weight, DNA determinations, and microscopic examination. From days 0 to 7, cell division was accompanied by cell expansion; from days 7 to 10, only cell expansion occurred; and from days 10 to 14, there was no further growth.When acetate-1l'4C was supplied continuously to 4-day and 12-day cells, 14C was readily incorporated into lipid, C02, organic acids, amino acids, and protein. In the older cells, relatively greater amounts of 14C were recovered in organic and amino acids, and accumulation of 14C in these components continued after a steady rate of incorporation of 14C into protein and 14CO2 had been established.Glutamate-14C was the most heavily labeled compound recovered after a pulse of acetate-1-'4C in both cell types and was depleted when acetate-1-14C was removed, particularly rapidly in 4-day cells. 14C was rapidly lost from the malate-14C labeled during the pulse of acetate-1-'4C in 4-day cells, whereas malate-'4C continued to increase in 12-day cells after the pulse. Glutamate-14C was shown to be the source of the 14C accumulating in malate in 12-day cells.Several other soluble amino acids were labeled during a pulse of acetate-'4C in both cell types. After the pulse most of the 14C lost from these was recovered in the corresponding amino acid in protein, showing that only protein precursor pools had been labeled. The behavior of asparagine was exceptional since its 14C content increased after the pulse and no turnover was apparent. The kinetics of labeling of aspartate, malate, and CO2 showed that oxaloacetate generated in the tricarboxylic acid cycle following the pulse was not in equilibrium with aspartate.Several authors (2, 15, 18) have elaborated on the advantages of cell suspension cultures for metabolic studies. Street and his colleagues (5, 16) have shown that in such cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus the growth is marked by distinct phases, and from Dougall's work (3) with Paul's Scarlet rose a similar conclusion may be drawn.In the present study with rose cells, growth and DNA measurements during a 14-day period under standard conditions established that cell division and enlargement were occurring in 4-day-old cultures whereas both of these processes had ceased in 12-day-old cultures. Labeling Experiments. In continuous feeding experiments a series of 15-ml Millipore filter assemblies were connected to an air line to provide aeration. Each filter held 5 ml of growth medium and 2 gc of labeled substrate. At 0 time, 1 g of cells was placed in each filter and a CO2 trap was connected to the gas output from each filter. The trap consisted of 10 ml of hyamine held in a tube fitted with a Vigreaux column. Individual samples of cells were removed at 30-min intervals by drawing off the medium through the bottom of the filter and washing the cells several times with water. The medium and washings were sampled and the ...

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“…Initial inoculum size has been studied in relation to callus growth in several dicotyledons [1,2,15,16]. We are not aware that the subject has been investigated in cereals and, in particular, with respect to plant regeneration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant regeneration from tissue cultures of Pokkali rice is promoted by optimizing callus to medium volume ratio and by a medium-conditioning factor produced by embryogenic callus

Ram

Nabors

1985

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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The frequency of plant regeneration from seed-derived Pokkali rice callus has been substantially increased. Four conclusions were drawn from the study: (1)Nonembryogenic callus consisting of elongated, highly-vacuolated cells did not produce regenerated plants. Embryogenic callus consisting of small, non-vacuolated cells produced somatic embryos and regenerated plants. (2)The numbers of plants could be markedly increased by optimizing a medium for embryogenic callus production and a second medium for plant regeneration from embryogenie callus. (3) The optimization of callus to medium volume ratio of 6.5 mg embryogenic callus per 1.0 ml of medium significantly increase plant production on regeneration medium. (4) A further significant .increase was obtained by using regeneration medium previously conditioned for one or two weeks by optimal amounts of embryogenic callus. At present, the callus derived from a single seed in six months could theoretically be used in the seventh month to produce 127 500 plants.

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The Nutrition and Metabolism of Plant Tissue and Organ Cultures

Cited by 14 publications

References 319 publications

Mineral Requirements for Growth and Callus Initiation of Tissue Explants Excised from Mature Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera) and Cultured in vitro

Mineral Requirements for Growth and Callus Initiation of Tissue Explants Excised from Mature Coconut Palms (Cocos nucifera) and Cultured in vitro

Acetate Metabolism in Cell Suspension Cultures

Plant regeneration from tissue cultures of Pokkali rice is promoted by optimizing callus to medium volume ratio and by a medium-conditioning factor produced by embryogenic callus

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