The Nutraceutical Value of Carnitine and Its Use in Dietary Supplements

Durazzo, Alessandra; Lucarini, Massimo; Nazhand, Amirhossein; Souto, Selma B.; Silva, Amélia M.; Severino, Patrícia; Souto, Eliana B.; Santini, Antonello

doi:10.3390/molecules25092127

Cited by 28 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 151 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…11 Secondary deficiencies occur from increased renal tubular loss of free carnitine, increased excretion from pharmacologic therapy, depleted stores, inherited metabolic disorders, or malnutrition. 1 Although 75% of carnitine is derived from diet, endogenous production of carnitine is usually sufficient to meet physiologic needs. 2 Strict vegetarians obtain more than 90% of carnitine through biosynthesis, yet deficiencies have not been reported.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carnitine is essential for fatty acid-mediated energy metabolism and branch chain amino acid catabolism. 1 It functions in the transport of long-chain fatty acids from cytosol to the mitochondrial matrix and facilitates the incorporation of fatty acids into phospholipids during oxidative repair. 2 Carnitine also maintains mitochondrial integrity by blocking the formation of reactive oxygen species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 3 This amino acid derivative is obtained from diet and endogenous biosynthesis. 1 Carnitine deficiencies can interfere with the metabolism of macronutrients and manifest as muscle weakness, fatigue, vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, neurological deficits, or cardiomyopathies. Carnitine deficiencies are not widely reported in adults, particularly those with short bowel syndrome (SBS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Carnitine Deficiency in an Adult With Short Bowel Syndrome After Surgical Resection

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carnitine is an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism. Deficiencies can be associated with muscle weakness, fatigue, weight loss, and cardiomyopathies. A 27-year-old woman with short bowel syndrome (SBS) presented with significant weight loss, fatigue, and muscle wasting despite adequate parenteral nutrition. Her laboratory test results revealed carnitine deficiency secondary to malnutrition. Levocarnitine supplementation was initiated with normalization of her carnitine levels. Her fatigue improved, and her weight returned to baseline. Carnitine deficiencies are seldomly reported in adults, particularly those with SBS. Carnitine deficiency should be suspected and corrected in patients with SBS and malabsorptive capacity due to surgical resection.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Carnitine Deficiency in an Adult With Short Bowel Syndrome After Surgical Resection

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It plays an important role in energy production. It participates in the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol into the mitochondrial matrix, where beta-oxidation takes place [ 94 , 95 ], regulates nitric oxide levels, increases the activity of enzymes involved in antioxidant defense (glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase) [ 96 ], and reacts with superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. It shows the ability to chelate iron ions.…”

Section: Antioxidants With a Potential Nephroprotective Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Antioxidant Added to Preservation Solution on the Protection of Kidneys before Transplantation

Ostróżka-Cieślik

2022

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ischemia–reperfusion injury is a key clinical problem of transplantology. Current achievements in optimizing organ rinse solutions and storage techniques have significantly influenced the degree of graft damage and its survival after transplantation. In recent years, intensive research has been carried out to maintain the viability of tissues and organs outside the integral environment of the body. Innovative solutions for improving the biochemical functions of the stored organ have been developed. The article discusses directions for modifying preservation solutions with antioxidants. Clinical and experimental studies aimed at optimizing these fluids, as well as perfusion and organ preservation techniques, are presented.

show abstract

“…Carnitine is one of the hydrophilic amino acid derivatives produced in the liver and kidney from lysine and methionine; its function is to facilitate and enable the transport of long-chain fatty acids through the mitochondrial membrane so as to make them available for beta-oxidation. Carnitine is present in human and cows' milk formula, but parenteral nutrition solutions do not usually contain carnitine [5] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation in Preterm Neonates Suffering from Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Beshir

Zannoun

Elsamanoudy

et al. 2022

International Journal of Medical Arts

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Article informationBackground: Carnitine is one of hydrophilic amino acid derivatives participating in pulmonary surfactant production in infants. The deficiency of Carnitine might lead to the incidence and severity of respiratory distress syndrome [RDS] in preterm infants. Aim of the work:The aim of this work is the assessment and evaluation of L-carnitine therapy effect on the prognosis of respiratory distress syndrome. Patients and Methods: The study included a total number of 90 preterm infants with RDS, categorized into two groups; group I [40 cases] with sufficient level of lcarnitine and group II [50 cases] with deficient l-carnitine. Both groups are subdivided into two subgroups; intervention group [received carnitine] and control group. Patients with sufficient carnitine levels received Carnitine supplementation at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Patients with deficient carnitine levels received Carnitine therapy at a dose of 30 mg/kg/day Follow-up was carried out to assess the need of respiratory support, oxygenation, hospital stay and mortality. Results: The mean gestational age was 31.62 ± 2.18 wks. The mean birth weight was 1.58 ± 0.41 Kg. Newborns with deficient carnitine level were had lower birth weight [1.68 ± 0.42 Kg vs. 1.50 ± 0.39 Kg; P=0.046] and exhibited more frequency of mechanical ventilation [P=0.021]. In the sufficient Carnitine group, carnitine supplementation was associated with improvement of weight [P=<0.001] and early onset of enteral feeding [P=0.013]. In the deficient carnitine group, carnitine supplementation was associated with lower need [P=0.031] and short duration [P=0.006] of mechanical ventilation. Conclusion:The supplementation of Carnitine for infants with sufficient carnitine has a significant positive effect on their growth and weight gain. Carnitine therapy for infants with deficient carnitine significantly reduces mechanical ventilation requirement and duration, improved chest X-ray, shortened duration to reach full enteral feeding and the duration of neonatal intensive care unit [NICU] stay.

show abstract

The Nutraceutical Value of Carnitine and Its Use in Dietary Supplements

Cited by 28 publications

References 151 publications

Carnitine Deficiency in an Adult With Short Bowel Syndrome After Surgical Resection

Carnitine Deficiency in an Adult With Short Bowel Syndrome After Surgical Resection

The Effect of Antioxidant Added to Preservation Solution on the Protection of Kidneys before Transplantation

Evaluation of the Effect of L-Carnitine Supplementation in Preterm Neonates Suffering from Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About