The Multiscale Importance of Road Segments in a Network Disruption Scenario: A Risk‐Based Approach

Abstract

This article addresses the problem of the multiscale importance of road networks, with the aim of helping to establish a more resilient network in the event of a road disruption scenario. A new model for identifying the most important roads is described and applied on a local and regional scale. The work presented here represents a step forward, since it focuses on the interaction between identifying the most important roads in a network that connect people and health services, the specificity of the natural hazards that threaten the normal functioning of the network, and an assessment of the consequences of three real-world interruptions from a multiscale perspective. The case studies concern three different past events: road interruptions due to a flood, a forest fire, and a mass movement. On the basis of the results obtained, it is possible to establish the roads for which risk management should be a priority. The multiscale perspective shows that in a road interruption the regional system may have the capacity to reorganize itself, although the interruption may have consequences for local dynamics. Coordination between local and regional scales is therefore important. The model proposed here allows for the scaling of emergency response facilities and human and physical resources. It represents an innovative approach to defining priorities, not only in the prevention phase but also in terms of the response to natural disasters, such as awareness of the consequences of road disruption for the rescue services sent out to local communities.

Evaluating the impact and risk of pluvial flash flood on intra-urban road network: A case study in the city center of Shanghai, China

“…Portland and Boston) where urban transportation network also demonstrates a greater impact from flooding (Chang et al 2010;Suarez et al 2005). Compared with flood impact on regional road system, urban transportation have less capacity to reorganize itself (Freiria et al 2014). …”

“…Chang et al (2010) integrated a hydrologic model (PRMS), a 1D hydraulic model (HEC-RAS) and a travel forecast model into an assessment framework of urban flooding and transportation systems. Moreover, a LRSRM (Local Regional Scale Risk Model) was designed to identify the interruption of a road network due to a hazardous event from a multi-scale perspective by using the biclustering technique (Freiria et al 2014). The previous studies, however, mainly focus on regional (basin) scale and intercity level, paying little attention to PFF-induced RIR at the intra-urban level.…”

Understanding road network dynamics: Link-based topological patterns

“…There are variables that present a high level of redundancy in one case study, but that does not mean that the same happens in other cases (Freiria et al, 2015).…”

Robustness Assessment of Urban Road Network with Consideration of Multiple Hazard Events

“…Since then, several other robustness measures have been proposed. (9,(11)(12)(13)24) Morohosi (9) put forward two robustness indexes, expected connection ratio (ECR) and expected survivable shortest path length (ESSPL), which were defined as the connection ratio of randomly chosen pairs (8) Ý Morohosi (9) Ý Duan and Lu (10) Ý Lordan et al (11) Ý Yang et al (12) Ý Vodák et al (13) Ý Traffic-based methods Jenelius et al (14) Ý Jenelius and Cats (7) Ý Cats and Jenelius (15) Ý Scott et al (4) Ý Sullivan et al (16) Ý Nagurney and Qiang (2,(17)(18)(19) Ý Zhao et al (20) Ý De-Los-Santos et al (21) Ý Snelder et al (22) Ý Pien et al (23) Ý This article Ý of nodes, and the shortest path length distribution between pairs of connected nodes, respectively. MC estimation was used to generate potential subgraphs and pairs of connected vertices.…”